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Comparative clinical science: The medicine of the future

机译：比较临床科学：未来的药物

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摘要

This review explores the emergence of Comparative Medicine in the late 19th Century as 'the medicine of the future', its failure to realise these expectations during the 20th century as it became increasingly equated with laboratory animal models of human disease, and explains why there is now an unprecedented opportunity for this latent potential to be fully realised. Comparative medicine no longer rests on apparent similarities between disease mechanisms in different species but on the rapidly maturing ability to relate these similarities to a remarkably rich shared genetic heritage. In the United Kingdom, the creation of the new Medical Research Council Comparative Clinical Science Panel, once securely funded, will provide the infrastructure and strategic focus to foster comparative clinical research, encouraging collaboration between veterinary and human medicine and between investigators in institutes and in practice. This will generate the necessary evidence base for veterinary practice, raise the standard of veterinary research, broaden the horizons of human medicine and create real opportunities for veterinary surgeons to reconcile research with practice. The review explores the broad scope of the science which will flourish in this new environment and examines specific areas in greater depth as examples, notably multifactorial disease such as hypertension and diarrhoea, also aspects of comparative endocrinology and oncology, with emphasis on the growing power conferred by comparative molecular genetics.
机译：这篇评论探讨了比较医学在19世纪后期作为“未来医学”的出现，在20世纪由于越来越与人类疾病的实验动物模型等同而未能实现这些期望的原因，并解释了为什么存在现在，这种潜在潜力得以充分实现的前所未有的机会。比较医学不再取决于不同物种之间疾病机制之间的明显相似性，而是取决于将这些相似性与非常丰富的共有遗传遗产相关联的迅速成熟的能力。在英国，新的医学研究理事会比较临床科学小组的建立，一旦获得了可靠的资金，将提供基础设施和战略重点，以促进比较临床研究，鼓励兽医和人类医学之间以及机构和实践中研究人员之间的合作。这将为兽医实践提供必要的证据基础，提高兽医研究的水平，拓宽人类医学的视野，并为兽医提供真正的机会，使兽医与研究相吻合。综述探索了在新环境中蓬勃发展的科学的广泛范围，并更深入地研究了特定领域，例如，高血压和腹泻等多因素疾病，以及比较内分泌学和肿瘤学的各个方面，并着重强调了所赋予的不断增强的力量比较分子遗传学。

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