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首页> 外文期刊>Thorax: The Journal of the British Thoracic Society >Distribution, aerodynamic characteristics, and removal of the major cat allergen Fel d 1 in British homes.
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Distribution, aerodynamic characteristics, and removal of the major cat allergen Fel d 1 in British homes.

机译：英国家庭中主要猫过敏原Fel d 1的分布，空气动力学特征和清除。

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BACKGROUND: Sensitisation to cat allergen (Fel d 1) is an important risk factor for asthma in the UK. A study was undertaken to investigate the distribution of cat allergen in British homes, the aerodynamic characteristics and particle size distribution of airborne Fel d 1, and the method of removing it. METHODS: Dust was collected from 50 homes with a cat and from 50 homes without a cat, and airborne levels of Fel d 1 were measured in 50 homes with a cat and 75 homes without a cat. Particle size distribution was determined using an Andersen sampler (8 hours/day) in 10 homes with cats. This was repeated on five separate days in a house with four cats, and then one, two, four, seven, and 14 days after the cats were removed from the living room area. The effect of high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) cleaner on airborne levels of Fel d 1 was investigated in seven homes with cats. Samples were collected on two separate days from two rooms of each house concurrently, one of which contained the cat, one day with the HEPA cleaner on and the other day as a control. Three one hourly samples were collected over a nine hour period (baseline, 4-5 hours, 8-9 hours) using a high volume dust sampler (air flow rate 60 l/min) and the air sample was collected onto a microglass fibre filter (pore size 0.3 micron). RESULTS: Fel d 1 concentrations were much lower in houses without a cat than in those with a cat (260-fold difference (95% CI 167 to 590) in living room carpets: geometric mean (GM) 0.9 microgram/g (range 0.06-33.93) versus 237 micrograms/g (range 2.8-3000); 314-fold difference (95% CI 167 to 590) in upholstered furniture: 1.21 micrograms/g (range 0.06-61.9) versus 380 micrograms/g (range 7.1-6000); 228-fold difference (95% CI 109 to 478) in bedroom carpets: 0.24 microgram/g (range 0.06-2.24) versus 55 micrograms/g (range 0.06-2304); and 215-fold difference (95% CI 101 to 456) in mattresses: 0.2 microgram/g (range 0.06-2.3) versus 55 micrograms/g (range 0.06-3400). Airborne levels of Fel d 1 were detected in all houses with cats, and the levels varied greatly between the homes (range 0.7-38 ng/m3). Low concentrations of airborne Fel d 1 (range 0.24-1.78 ng/m3) were found in 22 of 75 homes without a cat. Although airborne Fel d 1 was mostly associated with large particles (> 9 microns, approximately 49% of the allergen recovered), small particles (< 4.7 microns) comprised approximately 23% of the total airborne allergen. Total airborne Fel d 1 was reduced by 61.7% two days after removal of the cat but this was due predominantly to the decrease in larger particles (> 4.8 microns) which fell to 13% of their baseline level. Fel d 1 levels associated with small particles (< 4.8 microns) remained largely unchanged on days 1, 2 and 4 and then slowly decreased to 33% of the baseline levels at day 14. With HEPA cleaner a significant reduction in airborne Fel d 1 was observed compared with the control sampling (GM 5.04-0.88 ng/m3 versus 3.79-1.56 ng/m3 at baseline and 8 hours, active versus control group; p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Airborne Fel d 1 was detectable in undisturbed conditions in all homes with cats and in almost a third of homes without cats. In houses with cats a significant proportion (23%) of airborne Fel d 1 was associated with small particles (< 4.7 microns diameter). Removal of the cat from the living room and bedroom areas of the home and the use of HEPA air cleaner reduced airborne levels of cat allergen in homes with cats, but the reduction following cat removal was not evenly spread across the particle size range.
机译：背景：对猫过敏原的过敏（Fel d 1）是英国哮喘的重要危险因素。进行了一项研究，以调查猫过敏原在英国家庭中的分布，机载Fel d 1的空气动力学特征和粒径分布以及去除方法。方法：从有猫的50户家庭和无猫的50户家庭中收集灰尘，并在有猫的50户家庭和无猫的75户家庭中测量了空气中Fel d 1的水平。使用Andersen采样器（每天8小时）在10只有猫的家中确定粒径分布。在有四只猫的房子中，分别在五天内重复此操作，然后在将猫从起居区移开后的第一，第二，第四，第七和14天。在七个有猫的家庭中，研究了高效微粒空气（HEPA）清洁剂对空气中Fel d 1含量的影响。在两个不同的日期分别从每个房屋的两个房间同时收集样品，其中一个包含猫，一天使用HEPA清洁剂，另一天作为对照。使用高容量粉尘采样器（空气流速为60 l / min）在九小时内（基准，4-5小时，8-9小时）收集三个一小时的样本，并将空气样本收集到微玻璃纤维过滤器上（孔径0.3微米）。结果：在没有猫的房屋中，fel d 1的浓度要比有猫的房屋中的低得多（相差260倍（95％CI 167至590））：几何平均值（GM）为0.9微克/克（范围0.06） -33.93）对237微克/克（2.8-3000范围）;软垫家具的314倍差异（95％CI 167至590）：1.21微克/克（0.06-61.9范围）对380微克/克（7.1-3000范围） 6000）;卧室地毯的228倍差异（95％CI 109至478）：0.24微克/克（范围0.06-2.24）与55微克/ g（范围0.06-2304）;差异215倍（95％CI） 101至456）：0.2微克/克（范围为0.06-2.3）和55微克/克（范围为0.06-3400）。在所有带猫的房屋中检测到空气中Fel d 1的水平，并且在两个房间中猫的水平差异很大房屋（范围0.7-38 ng / m3）。在75只没有养猫的房屋中，有22处发现低浓度的空气中Fel d 1（范围为0.24-1.78 ng / m3）。尽管空气中的Fel d 1主要与大颗粒有关（ > 9微米，约49％的过敏原得以回收），小颗粒（<4.7微米）约占空气中所有过敏原的23％。除去猫后两天，空气中的总Fel d 1降低了61.7％，但这主要是由于较大颗粒（> 4.8微米）的减少所致，降至其基线水平的13％。与小颗粒（<4.8微米）相关的Fel d 1水平在第1、2和4天基本保持不变，然后在第14天缓慢降至基准水平的33％。使用HEPA清洁剂后，空气中的Fel d 1显着降低。观察到与对照样品相比（基线和8小时时GM 5.04-0.88 ng / m3对比3.79-1.56 ng / m3，活动组与对照组; p = 0.008）。结论：在所有有猫的家庭和几乎三分之一没有猫的家庭中，在不受干扰的条件下都可以检测到空气中的恶魔d 1。在有猫的房屋中，很大一部分（23％）的空气中Fel d 1与小颗粒（直径小于4.7微米）有关。从家中的起居室和卧室区域移走猫，并使用HEPA空气滤清器可减少有猫的家庭中猫的空气中过敏原的水平，但去除猫后的减少量并未在颗粒大小范围内平均分布。

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