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Perceptual and not physical eye contact elicits pupillary dilation

机译：知觉而不是肉眼的接触引起瞳孔扩张

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Eye contact is important to share communication during social interactions. However, how accurately humans can perceive the gaze direction of others toward themselves and whether pupils dilate when humans consciously or unconsciously perceive own eyes are looked by others remain unclear. In this study, we examined the relationship between the explicit perception of looking into each other's eyes and the implicit physiological response of pupillary dilation by using an original face-to-face method. We found that humans do not correctly detect the gaze direction of others. Furthermore, one's pupils dilated when one gazed at others' eyes. Awareness of others' gaze on one's eyes, rather than the actual focusing of other's gaze on one's eyes, enhanced pupillary dilation. Therefore, physiological responses are caused not when people actually look into each other's gaze, but when the consciousness of other's gaze is activated, which suggests that eye contact often involves one-way communication.
机译：眼神交流对于在社交互动中分享交流很重要。但是，人们如何准确地感知他人对自己的注视方向以及当人类有意识或无意识地感知自己的眼睛被其他人注视时瞳孔是否会扩张。在这项研究中，我们研究了使用原始的面对面方法观察对方眼睛的显式感知与瞳孔扩张的内隐生理反应之间的关系。我们发现人类无法正确检测他人的视线方向。此外，当一个人凝视别人的眼睛时，一个人的瞳孔就会扩大。他人注视自己的眼睛而不是他人注视自己的眼睛，这会增加瞳孔扩张。因此，生理反应不是在人们实际注视彼此的凝视时引起的，而是在他人凝视的意识被激活时引起的，这表明目光接触通常涉及单向交流。

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