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首页> 外文期刊>The Review of Economic Studies >Universal Social Orderings: An Integrated Theory of Policy Evaluation, Inter-Society Comparisons, and Interpersonal Comparisons
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Universal Social Orderings: An Integrated Theory of Policy Evaluation, Inter-Society Comparisons, and Interpersonal Comparisons

机译：普遍社会秩序：政策评估，社会间比较和人际比较的综合理论

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摘要

We introduce the concept of a universal social ordering, denned on the set of pairs of an allocation and a preference profile of any finite population. It is meant to unify evaluations and comparisons of welfare (living standards) for individuals and populations of possibly different sizes and preferences. It can be used for policy evaluation, international comparisons, growth assessment, and inequality measurement. It even makes it possible to evaluate policy options that affect the size of the population or the preferences of its members. We study how to extend the theory of social choice in order to select such orderings on a rigorous axiomatic basis. We provide foundations for leximin as well as additively separable criteria. Key ingredients in this analysis are fairness principles in social aggregation, attitudes with respect to population size, and the bases of interpersonal comparisons. We discuss how this sheds light on recent developments in the empirical literature on international comparisons.
机译：我们引入了普遍社会秩序的概念，该概念以任何有限人口的分配和偏好特征对的集合为单位。它旨在统一对可能具有不同规模和偏好的个人和人群的福利（生活标准）的评估和比较。它可用于政策评估，国际比较，增长评估和不平等衡量。甚至可以评估影响人口规模或其成员偏好的政策选择。我们研究如何扩展社会选择理论，以便在严格的公理基础上选择这样的秩序。我们为leximin以及可加分的标准提供了基础。该分析的关键要素是社会聚集中的公平原则，对人口规模的态度以及人际比较的基础。我们讨论这如何揭示国际比较经验文献的最新发展。

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