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首页> 外文期刊>Tierarztliche Praxis, Ausgabe G. GroBtiere >Treatment of long bone fractures in 125 newborn calves. A retrospective study. [German]Original Title Behandlung von Frakturen der langen Rohrenknochen bei 125 neugeborenen Kalbern. Eine retrospektive Untersuchung.
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Treatment of long bone fractures in 125 newborn calves. A retrospective study. [German]Original Title Behandlung von Frakturen der langen Rohrenknochen bei 125 neugeborenen Kalbern. Eine retrospektive Untersuchung.

机译：125头新生小腿长骨骨折的治疗。回顾性研究。 [德语]原标题：治疗125头新生小腿长骨骨折。回顾性研究。

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Objectives: Retrospective study of the causes, location, configuration, treatment and outcome of long bone fractures in newborn calves. Material and methods: The medical records of 125 calves presented during a 16-year period because of fracture of the humerus (3 calves), radius/ulna (14), femur (50) or tibia (58) were evaluated. The majority of calves (61.6%) sustained the fractures during assisted delivery. Of 125 calves, 107 were treated and 18 were euthanized because of concurrent diseases. Conservative treatment was used in 16 calves and surgical treatment in 91. Four of the latter were euthanized because of muscle contraction which prevented fracture reduction, and five others died in surgery. Results: Fracture healing occurred after conservative treatment in 10 of 16 calves and after surgical treatment in 44 of 82 calves. The outcome was better in calves with plate and clamp-rod internal fixation (37/58 healed) than with intramedullary pinning (4/16 healed) or external fixation (3/8 healed). There were significant associations (chi2-test, p<0.01) between concurrent diseases and choice of therapy and fracture healing. Of 67 calves that developed complications, only 26 could be cured. Common complications were implant loosening and instability, which were often followed by osteomyelitis and sepsis. Implants were removed in 39 of 44 surgically treated calves that survived up to 6 months postoperatively. Long-term follow up (>6months postoperatively) by clinical and radiographic re-examination (25 calves) or telephone inquiry (29 calves) revealed that 54 animals were sound and had returned to their intended use. Conclusions and clinical relevance: The treatment of long bone fractures in newborn calves remains difficult because of a high incidence of complications. These are most likely attributable to trauma during delivery, which results in insufficient colostrum intake and predisposes to concurrent diseases. In addition, the characteristics of juvenile bones do not provide sufficient physical strength for implants. Therefore, professional and diligent assistance during forced extraction, particularly in presentations with "stifle lock" or "hip lock", is required to minimize the incidence of long bone fractures in newborn calves. Most cases require surgical fixation, which is time consuming, expensive and carries a guarded prognosis.
机译：目的：回顾性研究新生小腿长骨骨折的原因，位置，构造，治疗和结局。材料和方法：评估了16年来因肱骨骨折（3头小腿），radius /尺骨（14），股骨（50）或胫骨（58）而出现的125头小腿的病历。大部分小牛（61.6％）在辅助分娩期间承受了骨折。在125头小牛中，有107头因并发疾病而接受了安乐死。保守疗法用于16头犊牛，91例用于外科手术。由于肌肉收缩阻止骨折复位，对其中四只进行了安乐死，另外五例在手术中死亡。结果：16头犊牛中有10头经保守治疗后骨折，而82头犊牛中有44头经手术治疗后骨折愈合。板和钳杆内固定（37/58愈合）的犊牛的结果优于髓内钉扎（4/16愈合）或外固定（3/8愈合）的小腿的结果。并发疾病与治疗选择和骨折愈合之间存在显着关联（chi2-test，p <0.01）。在67头出现并发症的小牛中，只有26例可以治愈。常见的并发症是植入物松动和不稳定，然后是骨髓炎和败血症。在44个经过手术治疗的小牛中，有39个切除了植入物，这些小牛在术后最多生存6个月。通过临床和放射学复查（25头犊牛）或电话询问（29头犊牛）进行的长期随访（术后> 6个月）显示，有54头动物状况良好，并已恢复其预期用途。结论和临床意义：由于并发症的高发生率，新生儿小腿长骨折的治疗仍然很困难。这些很可能归因于分娩过程中的创伤，这导致初乳摄入不足，并易引发并发疾病。另外，少年骨头的特性不能为植入物提供足够的物理强度。因此，在强制拔除过程中，特别是在“僵硬锁”或“臀部锁”的表现中，需要专业而勤奋的协助，以最大程度地减少新生小腿长骨骨折的发生。大多数情况下需要手术固定，这既费时，昂贵又能保证预后。

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