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首页> 外文期刊>Toxicological reviews >Treatment of US Crotalidae Bites : Comparisons of Serum and Globulin-Based Polyvalent and Antigen-Binding Fragment Antivenins.
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Treatment of US Crotalidae Bites : Comparisons of Serum and Globulin-Based Polyvalent and Antigen-Binding Fragment Antivenins.

机译：美国响尾蛇叮咬的治疗：血清和基于球蛋白的多价抗原结合片段抗抗原的比较。

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摘要

In the US, two antivenins are marketed for the treatment of snake envenomation. The horse-derived serum-globulin-based Antivenin (Crotalidae) Polyvalent (ACP) has been available since 1954. There are few data on the efficacy and incidence of adverse events that occur following the administration of ACP. Most of the data are retrospective, anecdotal, or case reports. In 2000, ovine-derived serum-globulin-based ACP (Crofab((R))) became available. Crofab((R)) is said to cause fewer reactions than ACP, but there are few comparative data to substantiate this claim. Although both antivenins ameliorate the systemic symptoms following snake envenomation, the efficacy of either antivenin in decreasing oedema and swelling is unknown for a number of reasons. Clinical trials are small and have not included control arms. The degree of oedema, as well as the efficacy of the antivenin in decreasing oedema, may depend on the genera of the snake (usually unknown) that envenomated the patient. This article compares available data on clinical aspects of the two antivenins. More prospective data are needed to determine the comparative efficacy of the two antivenins, or the efficacy of Crofab((R)) in preventing tissue oedema. There are still unanswered questions regarding the optimal dosing regimen of Crofab((R)).
机译：在美国，有两种抗蛇毒素用于治疗蛇毒。自1954年以来，即可获得基于马的血清球蛋白多价抗体（CCP）的信息。关于ACP给药后发生的不良事件的功效和发生率的数据很少。大多数数据是回顾性，轶事或案例报告。在2000年，来自绵羊的基于血清球蛋白的ACP（Crofab（R））上市了。据说Crofab（R）引起的反应少于ACP，但是几乎没有可比较的数据来证实这一说法。尽管两种抗静脉药都能缓解蛇毒后的全身症状，但由于多种原因，两种抗静脉药在减轻水肿和肿胀方面的功效尚不清楚。临床试验规模很小，尚未包括对照组。水肿的程度以及抗蛇毒素在减少水肿中的功效可能取决于使病人有毒的蛇的属（通常是未知的）。本文比较了两种抗蛇毒素在临床方面的可用数据。需要更多的前瞻性数据来确定两种抗蛇毒素的比较功效，或Crofab（R）预防组织水肿的功效。关于Crofab（R）的最佳给药方案仍存在未解决的问题。

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