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首页> 外文期刊>Transactions of the ASABE >Development of water usage coefficients for a fully watered tallgrass prairie.
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Development of water usage coefficients for a fully watered tallgrass prairie.

机译：充分浇水的草丛草原的用水系数的发展。

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摘要

An irrigation study was conducted from 1991 to 2000 at the Konza Prairie Biological Station (KPBS) Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) site, near Manhattan, Kansas, USA, to provide a better understanding of how the prairie ecosystem uses and dispenses water over the growing season. The irrigation transect was established on an annually burned portion of the 3500-ha preserve of native tallgrass prairie (dominated by Andropogon gerardii, Schizachyrium scoparium, Sorghastrum nutans, Panicum virgatum and a variety of forbs) in 1991. Irrigation transects created a water gradient over the topographically distinct upland and lowland areas of the experimental site. In order to calculate the plant water coefficient (crop coefficient) for the prairie ecosystem, the site was instrumented to measure soil moisture in 1994, and a water balance was performed at the fully watered locations on the irrigation transect to calculate actual evapotranspiration (ETc). These values, along with reference evapotranspiration (ETr) data calculated using the modified Penman equation, were used to determine the plant water usage coefficient based on the following relationship: ETc=ETr x Kc x Ksm, where Kc is the plant water usage coefficient, and Ksm is the soil moisture coefficient. For fully watered sites, the plant water usage coefficient is the ratio of ETc/ETr since Ksm=1.0 because of ample water. Results indicated maximum plant water usage coefficients of 1.32 in the fully watered locations, similar in magnitude to the crop coefficients of warm-season agricultural crops (ETr is lucerne based). Over the season (1 June to 30 September), tallgrass water usage was below the reference crop water use, with an average growing season coefficient of 0.90.
机译：1991年至2000年，在美国堪萨斯州曼哈顿附近的Konza草原生物站（KPBS）长期生态研究（LTER）地点进行了一项灌溉研究，以更好地了解草原生态系统如何利用和分配水。生长季节。灌溉样带建立于1991年在每年3500公顷的天然高草草原保护区（主要为Andropogon gerardii，Schizachyrium scoparium，高粱，panicum virgatum和各种草类）上被烧毁。实验地点的地形独特的高地和低地区域。为了计算草原生态系统的植物水分系数（作物系数），1994年对该站点进行了测量土壤水分的测量，并在灌溉样带的完全灌溉位置进​​行了水平衡，以计算实际蒸散量（ETc） 。这些值以及使用修正的Penman方程计算的参考蒸散量（ETr）数据，用于根据以下关系式确定植物耗水系数：ETc = ETr x Kc x Ksm，其中Kc是植物耗水系数， Ksm是土壤水分系数。对于充分灌溉的场所，由于充足的水，Ksm = 1.0时，植物用水系数是ETc / ETr之比。结果表明，在完全灌溉的地方，最大植物用水系数为1.32，其大小与暖季型农作物的作物系数（ETr基于卢塞恩）相似。在整个季节（6月1日至9月30日）中，高草的用水量低于参考作物的用水量，平均生长季节系数为0.90。

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