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首页> 外文期刊>Transactions in GIS: TG >Positional Accuracy of TIGER 2000 and 2009 Road Networks
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Positional Accuracy of TIGER 2000 and 2009 Road Networks

机译：TIGER 2000和2009道路网的位置精度

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摘要

The Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (TIGER) data are an essential part of the US Census and represent a critical element in the nation's spatial data infrastructure. TIGER data for the year 2000, however, are of limited positional accuracy and were deemed of insufficient quality to support the 2010 Census. In response the US Census Bureau embarked on the MAF/TIGER Accuracy Improvement Project (MTAIP) in an effort to improve the positional accuracy of the database, modernize the data processing environment and improve cooperation with partner agencies. Improved TIGER data were released for the entire US just before the 2010 Census. The current study characterizes the positional accuracy of the TIGER 2009 data compared with the TIGER 2000 data based on selected road intersections. Three US counties were identified as study areas and in each county 100 urban and 100 rural sample locations were selected. Features in the TIGER 2000 and 2009 data were compared with reference locations derived from high resolution natural color orthoimagery. Results indicate that TIGER 2009 data are much improved in terms of positional accuracy compared with the TIGER 2000 data, by at least one order of magnitude across urban and rural areas in all three counties for most accuracy metrics. TIGER 2009 is consistently more accurate in urban areas compared with rural areas, by a factor of at least two for most accuracy metrics. Despite the substantial improvement in positional accuracy, large positional errors of greater than 10m are relatively common in the TIGER 2009 data, in most cases representing remnant segments of minor roads from older versions of the TIGER data. As a result, based on the US Census Bureau's suggested accuracy metric, the TIGER 2009 data meet the accuracy expectation of 7.6m for two of the three urban areas but for none of the three rural areas. The suggested metric is based on the National Standard for Spatial Data Accuracy (NSSDA) protocol and was found to be very sensitive to the presence of a small number of very large errors. This presents challenges during attempts to characterize the accuracy of TIGER data or other spatial data using this protocol.
机译：拓扑集成的地理编码和参考（TIGER）数据是美国人口普查的重要组成部分，并且是美国空间数据基础架构中的关键要素。但是，2000年的TIGER数据位置准确性有限，被认为质量不足以支持2010年人口普查。作为响应，美国人口普查局启动了MAF / TIGER准确性改进项目（MTAIP），以提高数据库的位置准确性，使数据处理环境现代化并改善与合作伙伴机构的合作。就在2010年人口普查之前，整个美国都发布了改进的TIGER数据。当前的研究表征了基于选定道路交叉口的TIGER 2009数据与TIGER 2000数据的位置精度。美国三个县被确定为研究区域，每个县选择了100个城市和100个农村样本地点。将TIGER 2000和2009数据中的特征与源自高分辨率自然色正射影像的参考位置进行了比较。结果表明，与TIGER 2000数据相比，TIGER 2009数据的位置精度有了很大的提高，在所有三个县的城乡地区，大多数精度指标至少提高了一个数量级。与大多数农村地区相比，TIGER 2009在城市地区的准确度始终比农村地区高出至少两倍。尽管位置精度有了实质性的提高，但TIGER 2009数据中相对较大的位置误差仍大于10m，在大多数情况下，这些错误代表了TIGER数据较旧版本中次要道路的剩余部分。结果，根据美国人口普查局建议的准确性指标，TIGER 2009数据满足三个城市区域中两个区域的760万准确度预期，但三个农村区域中没有一个。建议的度量基于国家空间数据准确度标准（NSSDA）协议，并且发现对少量非常大的错误非常敏感。这在尝试使用此协议表征TIGER数据或其他空间数据的准确性时提出了挑战。

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