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Is nitric oxide toxic or protective?

机译:一氧化氮有毒还是有保护作用?

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In recent years, there has been much research into the diverse biological activities of nitric oxide (NO). With the finding that NO plays a role in many processes in mammalian cells, various studies have reported its presence in the plant kingdom and its involvement in growth, development and defense responses. In animals, the presence of NO synthases (NOS), which catalyse NO production from L-arginine, has been thoroughly described, but there is controversy about the possible source(s) of NO generation in plants. Independently of this, most of the work on NO action in plant cells has focused on its ability to act in the same direction as reactive oxygen species (ROS). This concept explains NO participation in the hypersensitive response, in the regulation of the expression of defense genes and in the increase in chlorophyll fluorescence. However, in animals, where knowledge about NO biochemistry is more advanced than in plants, dual roles for NO have been widely described.
机译:近年来,对一氧化氮(NO)的多种生物活性进行了大量研究。由于发现NO在哺乳动物细胞的许多过程中均起着作用,因此各种研究报告了NO在植物界的存在及其在生长,发育和防御反应中的作用。在动物中,已经充分描述了可催化L-精氨酸产生NO的NO合酶(NOS)的存在,但有关植物中NO产生的可能来源存在争议。独立于此,有关植物细胞中NO作用的大多数工作都集中在其与活性氧(ROS)相同方向起作用的能力上。这个概念解释了NO参与超敏反应,防御基因表达的调节以及叶绿素荧光的增加。然而,在动物中,关于NO生化的知识比植物更先进的动物中,NO的双重作用已被广泛描述。

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