Nomenclature and functions of RNA-directed RNA polymerases

Wassenegger M; Krczal G

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Nomenclature and functions of RNA-directed RNA polymerases

机译：RNA指导的RNA聚合酶的命名和功能

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There is little relationship between eukaryotic RNA-directed RNA polymerases (RDRs), viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRps) and DNA-dependent RNA polymerases, indicating that RDRs evolved as an independent class of enzymes early in evolution. In fungi, plants and several animal systems, RDRs play a key role in RNA-mediated gene silencing [post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) in plants and RNA interference (RNAi) in non-plants] and are indispensable for heterochromatin formation, at least, in Schizosaccharomyces pombe and plants. Recent findings indicate that PTGS, RNAi and heterochromatin formation not only function as host defence mechanisms against invading nucleic acids but are also involved in natural gene regulation. RDRs are required for these processes, initiating a broad interest in this enzyme class.

机译：真核RNA定向RNA聚合酶（RDR），病毒RNA依赖的RNA聚合酶（RdRps）和DNA依赖的RNA聚合酶之间几乎没有关系，这表明RDR在早期进化为一类独立的酶。在真菌，植物和几种动物系统中，RDR在RNA介导的基因沉默[植物中的转录后基因沉默（PTGS）和非植物中的RNA干扰（RNAi）]中起关键作用，并且在异染色质形成中不可或缺。至少在粟酒裂殖酵母和植物中。最近的发现表明，PTGS，RNAi和异染色质的形成不仅起着抵御核酸入侵的宿主防御机制的作用，而且还参与了天然基因的调控。这些过程需要RDR，这引起了对该酶类别的广泛兴趣。

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《Trends in Plant Science》 |2006年第3期|共10页
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Wassenegger M; Krczal G;
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中图分类植物学;
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1. Nomenclature and functions of RNA-directed RNA polymerases [J] . Wassenegger M, Krczal G Trends in Plant Science . 2006,第3期

机译：RNA指导的RNA聚合酶的命名和功能
2. EGO-1 is related to RNA-directed RNA polymerase and functions in germ-line development and RNA interference in C-elegans [J] . Smardon A., Stacey SC., Klein ME., Current Biology: CB . 2000,第4期

机译：EGO-1与RNA定向的RNA聚合酶有关，并在种系发育和C-线虫的RNA干扰中起作用
3. EGO-1 is related to RNA-directed RNA polymerase and functions in germ-line development and RNA interference in C-elegans [J] . Smardon A., Stacey SC., Klein ME., Current Biology: CB . 2000,第4期

机译：EGO-1与RNA定向的RNA聚合酶有关，并在种系发育和C-线虫的RNA干扰中起作用
4. Bioinformatics Analysis of Mutant Structure and Functional Sites of Foot-and-Mouth Disease virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase [C] . Tao Zeng, Zhongxi Mo 第二届生物计算：理论及应用国际会议（The Second International Confere . 2007

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5. Roles for the Caenorhabditis elegans RNA-directed RNA polymerase RRF-3 in endogenous RNA interference. [D] . Gent, Jonathan Isaiah. 2009

机译：秀丽隐杆线虫RNA定向的RNA聚合酶RRF-3在内源性RNA干扰中的作用。
6. Studies on the function of the riboregulator 6S RNA from E. coli: RNA polymerase binding inhibition of in vitro transcription and synthesis of RNA-directed de novo transcripts [O] . Nina Gildehaus, Thomas Neußer, Reinhild Wurm, 2007

机译：研究大肠杆菌中的核糖调节蛋白6S RNA的功能：RNA聚合酶结合体外转录抑制和RNA定向从头转录本的合成
7. EGO-1 is related to RNA-directed RNA polymerase and functions in germ-line development and RNA interference in C. elegans [O] . Nancy Mackin, Eleanor M. Maine 2015

机译：EGO-1与RNa指导的RNa聚合酶有关，并且在线虫的种系发育和RNa干扰中起作用

Nomenclature and functions of RNA-directed RNA polymerases

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