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Gamma-aminobutyrate: defense against invertebrate pests?

机译:γ-氨基丁酸酯:防御无脊椎动物害虫?

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Gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA) is a ubiquitous four-carbon, non-protein amino acid. In plants, stress-induced GABA accumulation is well documented. However, the role(s) of GABA accumulation is contentious. In this Opinion article, we argue that wounding due to herbivory and crawling by insect larvae causes rapid GABA accumulation via the disruption of cellular compartmentation and the release of the acidic vacuolar contents to the cytosol. The activity of glutamate decarboxylase, the cytosolic enzyme responsible for GABA synthesis, has an acidic pH optimum. Subsequent GABA ingestion has a plant defense function by directly acting on GABA-regulated invertebrate neuromuscular junctions. Plants with an enhanced GABA-producing capacity reduce herbivory by invertebrate pests. These findings suggest that GABA accumulation is a rapidly deployed, local resistance mechanism that constitutes a first line of defense in deterring herbivory.
机译:γ-氨基丁酸酯(GABA)是一种普遍存在的四碳非蛋白质氨基酸。在植物中,应激诱导的GABA积累已得到充分证明。然而,GABA积累的作用是有争议的。在这篇观点文章中,我们认为,由于食草和昆虫幼虫的爬行造成的伤害会通过破坏细胞区室和将酸性液泡含量释放到细胞质中而导致快速的GABA积累。谷氨酸脱羧酶(负责GABA合成的胞质酶)的活性具有最佳的酸性pH。随后的GABA摄入通过直接作用于GABA调控的无脊椎动物神经肌肉接头而具有植物防御功能。 GABA生产能力增强的植物可通过无脊椎动物害虫减少草食。这些发现表明,GABA积累是一种快速部署的局部抗药性机制,是阻止食草动物的第一道防线。

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