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首页> 外文期刊>Trends in Plant Science >Nectar: properties, floral aspects, and speculations on origin
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Nectar: properties, floral aspects, and speculations on origin

机译：花蜜：特性，花香和对产地的推测

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Although nectar is crucial for most pollinators, its evolutionary origin has received scant attention. Nectar is derived from the phloem solution. Both have high sugar concentrations (usually 10-30% solutes by fresh mass); the main solute in the phloem is sucrose, whereas nectar can also contain considerable amounts of fructose and glucose. The phloem, not the xylem, is the supplier of water to flowers and certain other organs. Therefore, a 'leaky phloem' hypothesis for the origin of nectar is presented based on the elevated hydrostatic pressure that can occur within the phloem and the structural weakness of developing phloem tissues. A 'sugar excretion' hypothesis is also presented that considers the solute accumulation resulting from the relatively high transpiration rates of flowers.
机译：尽管花蜜对大多数传粉媒介至关重要，但其进化起源却鲜为人知。花蜜来自韧皮部溶液。两者都具有较高的糖浓度（通常以新鲜质量计为10-30％的溶质）;韧皮部中的主要溶质是蔗糖，而花蜜中也可以含有大量的果糖和葡萄糖。韧皮部而不是木质部是花朵和某些其他器官的水供应者。因此，基于可能发生在韧皮部内的静水压力升高以及发育中的韧皮部组织的结构缺陷，提出了一种“泄漏韧皮部”假说，该假说起源于花蜜。还提出了“糖排泄”假说，该假说考虑了由于花朵较高的蒸腾速率而导致的溶质积累。

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