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首页> 外文期刊>Transport Reviews >Cycling as a Part of Daily Life: A Review of Health Perspectives
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Cycling as a Part of Daily Life: A Review of Health Perspectives

机译：骑自行车成为日常生活的一部分：健康观点回顾

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摘要

Health aspects of day-to-day cycling have gained attention from the health sector aiming to increase levels of physical activity, and from the transport and planning sector, to justify investments in cycling. We review and discuss the main pathways between cycling and health under two perspectives generalizable epidemiological evidence for health effects and specific impact modeling to quantify health impacts in concrete settings. Substantial benefits from physical activity dominate the public health impacts of cycling. Epidemiological evidence is strong and impact modeling is well advanced. Injuries amount to a smaller impact on the population level, but affect crash victims disproportionately and perceived risks deter potential cyclists. Basic data on crash risks are available, but evidence on determinants of risks is limited and impact models are highly dependent on local factors. Risks from air pollution can be assumed to be small, with limited evidence for cycling-specific mechanisms. Based on a large body of evidence, planners, health professionals, and decision-makers can rest assured that benefits from cycling-related physical activity are worth pursuing. Safety improvements should be part of the efforts to promote cycling, both to minimize negative impacts and to lower barriers to cycling for potential riders.
机译：日常骑自行车的健康方面已得到旨在提高身体活动水平的卫生部门以及运输和计划部门的关注，以证明对自行车投资的合理性。我们回顾和讨论自行车和健康之间的主要途径，从两种角度对健康影响和具体影响模型进行量化，这些流行病学证据可以量化具体环境中的健康影响。身体活动带来的实质性好处支配着骑自行车对公共健康的影响。流行病学证据很充分，影响模型也很先进。伤害对人口的影响较小，但对撞车受害者的影响不成比例，并且感知到的风险阻止了潜在的骑自行车者。可以提供有关坠机风险的基本数据，但有关风险决定因素的证据有限，影响模型高度依赖于本地因素。空气污染的风险可以被认为是很小的，只有特定循环机制的证据有限。基于大量证据，计划者，卫生专业人员和决策者可以放心，与自行车有关的体育锻炼所带来的好处值得追求。安全改进应成为促进骑自行车的努力的一部分，以最大程度地减少负面影响并降低潜在骑车者的骑行障碍。

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