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Filling the middle': Uganda's appropriate transport services

机译：填补中间”：乌干达的适当运输服务

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摘要

Uganda developed bicycle-based passenger and goods transport services in the 1960s. They were complemented by a motorcycle-based version in the 1990s. These have extended the range and capacity of services, known locally as boda boda. Both have spread over the entire country and the bicycle version into neighbouring Kenya. This paper explains the origins of boda boda, the factors conditioning development, its operating characteristics and the problems they face. This analysis is used to examine the benefits boda boda services have brought to the poor. Boda boda operate where more conventional services are uneconomic or physically impossible. They are found in urban and rural areas where they act as feeder services to the towns or major public transport routes. Because of limited capacity and short trips fares per kilometre are two to seven times those of large-capacity buses. Popularity derives from their ability to meet demands other services cannot. While the poorest make only occasional use, due to low incomes and high costs, for many they enhance income by extending the range and intensity of productive activities. Their main impact on the poor is through the employment provided. Operators are drawn from the least educated classes and each supports five dependants. About 1.7 million people, or 7% of the population, receive part of their livelihood from the industry.
机译：乌干达在1960年代开发了基于自行车的乘客和货物运输服务。在1990年代，它们以摩托车为基础进行了补充。这些扩展了服务的范围和能力，在当地被称为boda boda。两者都已遍及整个国家，而自行车版本则遍及邻国肯尼亚。本文阐述了Boda Boda的起源，调节发展的因素，其工作特性以及它们面临的问题。该分析用于检验Boda Boda服务为穷人带来的收益。 Boda boda在无法提供常规服务或经济上无法提供常规服务的地方运营。它们被发现在城市和农村地区，它们充当城镇或主要公共交通路线的接驳服务。由于容量有限，每公里短途车费是大容量公交车的2至7倍。受欢迎程度源于他们满足其他服务无法满足的需求的能力。尽管最贫穷的人由于低收入和高成本而只是偶尔使用，但对许多人来说，他们通过扩大生产活动的范围和强度来增加收入。他们对穷人的主要影响是通过提供的就业机会。运算符来自受教育程度最低的类别，每个运算符支持五个受抚养人。大约170万人（占人口的7％）从该行业获得部分生计。

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