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The Neolithic revolution of bacterial genomes

机译：细菌基因组的新石器时代革命

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摘要

Current human activities undoubtedly impact natural ecosystems. However, the influence of Homo sapiens on living organisms must have also occurred in the past. Certain genomic characteristics of prokaryotes can be used to study the impact of ancient human activities on microorganisms. By analyzing DNA sequence similarity features of transposable elements, dramatic genomic changes have been identified in bacteria that are associated with large and stable human communities, agriculture and animal domestication: three features unequivocally linked to the Neolithic revolution. It is hypothesized that bacteria specialized in human-associated niches underwent an intense transformation after the social and demographic changes that took place with the first Neolithic settlements. These genomic changes are absent in related species that are not specialized in humans.
机译：当前的人类活动无疑会影响自然生态系统。但是，智人对生物体的影响过去一定也曾发生过。原核生物的某些基因组特征可用于研究古代人类活动对微生物的影响。通过分析转座因子的DNA序列相似性特征，已经确定了细菌的巨大基因组变化，这些细菌与大型且稳定的人类社区，农业和动物驯养相关：与新石器时代革命明确相关的三个特征。据推测，在人类与生态位有关的细菌发生于第一个新石器时代的定居点发生的社会和人口变化之后，发生了剧烈的变化。这些基因组变化在不专门针对人类的相关物种中不存在。

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