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Microbial disease and the coral holobiont

机译:微生物疾病和珊瑚

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摘要

Tropical coral reefs harbour a reservoir of enormous biodiversity that is increasingly threatened by direct human activities and indirect global climate shifts. Emerging coral diseases are one serious threat implicated in extensive reef deterioration through disruption of the integrity of the coral holobiont - a complex symbiosis between the coral animal, endobiotic alga and an array of microorganisms. In this article, we review our current understanding of the role of microorganisms in coral health and disease, and highlight the pressing interdisciplinary research priorities required to elucidate the mechanisms of disease. We advocate an approach that applies knowledge gained from experiences in human and veterinary medicine, integrated into multidisciplinary studies that investigate the interactions between host, agent and environment of a given coral disease. These approaches include robust and precise disease diagnosis, standardised ecological methods and application of rapidly developing DNA, RNA and protein technologies, alongside established histological, microbial ecology and ecological expertise. Such approaches will allow a better understanding of the causes of coral mortality and coral reef declines and help assess potential management options to mitigate their effects in the longer term.
机译:热带珊瑚礁蕴藏着巨大的生物多样性,日益受到人类直接活动和全球间接气候变化的威胁。新兴的珊瑚病是一种严重的威胁,它通过破坏珊瑚整体生物的完整性而导致大范围的珊瑚退化,这是珊瑚动物,内生藻类和一系列微生物之间的复杂共生关系。在本文中,我们回顾了我们目前对微生物在珊瑚健康和疾病中的作用的理解,并强调了阐明疾病机理所需的紧迫的跨学科研究重点。我们提倡一种方法,该方法运用从人类和兽医学经验中获得的知识,并整合到多学科研究中,以研究特定珊瑚病的宿主,病原体与环境之间的相互作用。这些方法包括强大而精确的疾病诊断,标准化的生态方法以及快速发展的DNA,RNA和蛋白质技术的应用,以及成熟的组织学,微生物生态学和生态学专业知识。这种方法将使人们更好地了解珊瑚死亡和珊瑚礁衰退的原因,并有助于评估潜在的管理方案,以减轻其长期影响。

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