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Microbial priming of plant and animal immunity: symbionts as developmental signals

机译：动植物免疫的微生物引发：共生作为发育信号

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摘要

The functional similarity between root and gut microbiota, both contributing to the nutrition and protection of the host, is often overlooked. A central mechanism for efficient protection against pathogens is defense priming, the preconditioning of immunity induced by microbial colonization after germination or birth. Microbiota have been recruited several times in evolution as developmental signals for immunity maturation. Because there is no evidence that microbial signals are more relevant than endogenous ones, we propose a neutral scenario for the evolution of this dependency: any hypothetic endogenous signal can be lost because microbial colonization, reliably occurring at germination or birth, can substitute for it, and without either positive selection or the acquisition of new functions. Dependency of development on symbiotic signals can thus evolve by contingent irreversibility.
机译：根和肠道微生物区系之间的功能相似性，都有助于宿主的营养和保护，但常常被忽视。有效防御病原体的主要机制是防御启动，即发芽或出生后微生物定植引起的免疫力的预先调节。微生物群已在进化中募集了数次作为免疫成熟的发育信号。因为没有证据表明微生物信号比内源信号更相关，所以我们为这种依赖性的发展提出了一个中立的方案：任何假设的内源信号都可能丢失，因为在发芽或出生时可靠发生的微生物定殖可以替代它，并且没有积极的选择或获得新功能。因此，偶然共生的不可逆性会发展出对共生信号的依赖性。

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