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Is selection relevant in the evolutionary emergence of drug resistance?

机译:选择与耐药性的进化出现有关吗?

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The emergence of drug-resistant pathogens is often considered a canonical case of evolution by natural selection. Here we argue that the strength of selection can be a poor predictor of the rate of resistance emergence. It is possible for a resistant strain to be under negative selection and still emerge in an infection or spread in a population. Measuring the right parameters is a necessary first step toward the development of evidence-based resistance-management strategies. We argue that it is the absolute fitness of the resistant strains that matters most and that a primary determinant of the absolute fitness of a resistant strain is the ecological context in which it finds itself.
机译:耐药病原体的出现通常被认为是自然选择进化的典型案例。在这里,我们认为选择的强度可能无法很好地预测抗药性的发生率。抗药性菌株可能处于负选择状态,并且仍会出现在感染中或在人群中传播。测量正确的参数是发展基于证据的抵抗力管理策略的必要的第一步。我们认为,最重要的是抗性菌株的绝对适应性,而抗性菌株的绝对适应性的主要决定因素是其自身所处的生态环境。

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