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首页> 外文期刊>Trends in Microbiology >2001: a year of major advances in anthrax toxin research
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2001: a year of major advances in anthrax toxin research

机译：2001年：炭疽毒素研究取得重大进展的一年

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摘要

Anthrax is caused when spores of Bacillus anthracis enter a host and germinate. The bacteria multiply and secrete a tripartite toxin causing local edema and, in systemic infection, death. In nature, anthrax is primarily observed in cattle and other herbivores; humans are susceptible but rarely affected. In 2001, anthrax spores were used effectively for the first time in bioterrorist attacks, resulting in 11 confirmed cases of human disease and five deaths. These events have underscored the need for improved prophylaxis, therapeutics and a molecular understanding of the toxin. The good news about anthrax is that several decisive discoveries regarding the toxin have been reported recently. Most notably, the toxin receptor was identified, the 3-D structures of two of the toxin subunits were solved and potent in vivo inhibitors were designed. These findings have improved our understanding of the intoxication mechanism and are stimulating the design of strategies to fight disease in the future.
机译：炭疽芽孢杆菌的孢子进入宿主并发芽会引起炭疽病。细菌繁殖并分泌出三方毒素，引起局部水肿，在全身感染中死亡。在自然界中，炭疽病主要存在于牛和其他食草动物中。人类易感但很少受到影响。 2001年，炭疽芽孢首次被有效用于生物恐怖袭击，导致11例确诊的人类疾病病例和5例死亡。这些事件强调了对毒素的预防，治疗和分子理解的需要。关于炭疽的好消息是最近已报道了有关该毒素的几个决定性发现。最值得注意的是，鉴定了毒素受体，解决了两个毒素亚基的3-D结构，并设计了有效的体内抑制剂。这些发现增进了我们对中毒机理的理解，并刺激了未来与疾病作斗争策略的设计。

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