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Host nutritional status: the neglected virulence factor

机译：宿主营养状况：被忽略的毒力因子

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摘要

The emergence of new infectious diseases and old diseases with new pathogenic properties is a burgeoning worldwide problem. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) are just two of the most widely reported recent emerging infectious diseases. What are the factors that contribute to the rapid evolution of viral species? Various hypotheses have been proposed, all involving opportunities for virus spread (for example, agricultural practices, climate changes, rainforest clearing or air travel). However, the nutritional status of the host, until recently, has not been considered a contributing factor to the emergence of infectious disease. In this review, we show that host nutritional status can influence not only the host response to the pathogen, but can also influence the genetic make-up of the viral genome. This latter finding markedly changes our concept of host–pathogen interactions and creates a new paradigm for the study of such phenomena.
机译：新的传染病和具有新的致病特性的旧病的出现是一个新兴的世界性问题。严重急性呼吸道综合症（SARS）和获得性免疫缺陷综合症（AIDS）只是最近报道的最新传染病中的两种。哪些因素导致病毒物种快速进化？已经提出了各种假设，所有这些假设都涉及病毒传播的机会（例如，农业实践，气候变化，雨林清理或航空旅行）。然而，直到最近，宿主的营养状况还没有被认为是导致传染病出现的因素。在这篇综述中，我们表明宿主的营养状况不仅可以影响宿主对病原体的反应，还可以影响病毒基因组的遗传组成。后一个发现明显改变了我们的宿主-病原体相互作用的概念，并为研究这种现象创造了新的范例。

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