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首页> 外文期刊>Tropical Animal Health and Production >Choice of breeding stock, preference of production traits and culling criteria of village chickens among Zimbabwe agro-ecological zones
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Choice of breeding stock, preference of production traits and culling criteria of village chickens among Zimbabwe agro-ecological zones

机译：津巴布韦农业生态区种鸡的选择，繁殖性状的偏好和淘汰标准

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摘要

Free ranging chickens reared by smallholder farmers represent genetic diversity suited for particular environments and shaped by the socio-economic and cultural values of the farming systems. This study sought to investigate the existence of chicken strains and evaluate the breeding goals and strategies used by village chicken farmers in Zimbabwe. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 97, 56, 70, 104 and 37 households randomly selected from five agro-ecological-zones I-V, respectively. Fifteen chicken strains mostly defined by morphological traits were reported in the five eco-zones. Production criteria such as body size, and fertility were highly ranked (ranging from 1.3 - 2.6) by farmers across all the eco-zones, while cultural traits were the least preferred production traits. As a common breeding practice, farmers chose the type of hens and cocks to retain for breeding purposes and these randomly mixed and mated with others from community flocks. Chicken body size was ranked the major determinant in choosing breeding animals followed by mothering ability, and fertility. More households culled chickens associated with poor reproductive performance, poor growth rates and those intolerant to disease pathogens. The focus on many negatively correlated production traits and the absence of farmer records compromises breeding strategies in these production systems.
机译：由小农户饲养的自由放养鸡代表了适合特定环境的遗传多样性，并受到养殖系统的社会经济和文化价值的影响。这项研究旨在调查鸡毒株的存在，并评估津巴布韦乡村鸡农使用的育种目标和策略。对分别从五个农业生态区I-V中随机选择的97、56、70、104和37户家庭进行了半结构化问卷调查。在五个生态区中报告了十五种主要由形态特征定义的鸡品系。在所有生态区中，农民都将生产标准（例如体型和生育力）排名很高（在1.3至2.6之间），而文化性状是最不喜欢的生产性状。作为一种常见的育种方法，养殖者选择母鸡和雄鸡的类型保留下来进行育种，然后将它们随机混合并与社区鸡群中的其他人交配。鸡的体型是选择繁殖动物的主要决定因素，其次是母性和繁殖力。越来越多的家庭淘汰了与繁殖性能差，生长速度差和不耐病原体相关的鸡。对许多负相关的生产性状的关注以及缺乏农民记录的情况，损害了这些生产系统中的育种策略。

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