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Constraints and efficiency of cattle marketing in semiarid pastoral system in Kenya

机译：肯尼亚半干旱牧区系统中牲畜销售的制约因素和效率

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摘要

Livestock keeping is regarded as a store of wealth for pastoralists in Kenya, besides their social and cultural functions. The objective of this study was to prioritize constraints to cattle marketing in a semiarid pastoral area of Narok in Kenya and to analyze efficiency of cattle marketing in transit markets located in Garissa, Kajiado and Narok counties. Primary data collection from traders was done through participatory interviews and market surveys, while time series market price data were obtained from secondary sources. Five focus group interviews were organized with a total of 61 traders in markets from Narok County, while a total of 187 traders who purchased cattle from transit markets provided data on a number of cattle purchased, purpose of purchase, buying prices and mode of transport. Market performance was analyzed through trader's market share, gross margins, Gini coefficient and coefficient of correlation between time series price data. The marketing constraints which were ranked high included lack of market for meat, trekking of cattle to markets, lack of price information and occurrence of diseases. About 10 % of traders purchased over 50 % of cattle which were supplied in markets, revealing a high concentration index. Further, a gross marketing margin per cattle purchased was positive in all markets revealing profitability. Moderate correlation coefficients existed between time series market price data for cattle purchased from Ewaso Ngiro and Mulot markets (r = 0.5; p 0.05), while those between Dagoretti and Garissa markets were weak (r = 0.2; p > 0.05). The integration of markets, occurrence of diseases and trekking of cattle to markets are factors which may increase a risk of infectious disease spread. These results call for support of disease surveillance activities within markets in pastoral areas so that farms and systems which are connected are protected from threats of infectious diseases.
机译：畜牧业除了具有社会和文化功能外，还被认为是肯尼亚牧民的财富储存地。这项研究的目的是在肯尼亚纳罗克半干旱牧区优先考虑限制牲畜销售，并分析位于加里萨（Garissa），加吉多和纳鲁克县的过境市场中牲畜销售的效率。通过参与式访谈和市场调查收集了交易者的主要数据，而时间序列的市场价格数据则是从次要来源获得的。在Narok县的市场中，总共组织了61个贸易商，进行了五次焦点小组访谈，而总共187个从过境市场购买牛的贸易商提供了有关购买的牛的数量，购买目的，购买价格和运输方式的数据。通过交易者的市场份额，毛利率，基尼系数和时间序列价格数据之间的相关系数来分析市场表现。排在最前面的销售限制因素包括肉类市场的缺乏，牲畜向市场的迁徙，价格信息的缺乏和疾病的发生。大约10％的商人购买了市场上供应的50％以上的牛，这表明集中度很高。此外，在所有市场中，每头牛的销售毛利润总额为正，表明其盈利能力。从埃瓦索·恩吉罗（Ewaso Ngiro）购买的牛与Mulot市场的时间序列市场价格数据之间存在适度的相关系数（r = 0.5; p <0.05），而Dagoretti和Garissa市场之间的相关系数较弱（r = 0.2; p> 0.05）。市场的整合，疾病的发生以及牛群向市场的迁徙是可能增加传染病传播风险的因素。这些结果要求支持牧区市场内的疾病监测活动，从而保护相连的农场和系统免受传染病的威胁。

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