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Prevalence of Bovine tuberculosis in Ethiopian slaughter cattle based on post-mortem examination

机译：尸检后埃塞俄比亚屠宰牛的结核病患病率

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摘要

A study aimed at describing the magnitude and distribution of gross lesions compatible with bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in Ethiiopian slaughter cattle in five abattoirs (four municipal and one export) located in various cattle husbandry systems in Ethiopia was carried out from July 2006 to January 2007 using detailed meat inspection procedure. Five representative abattoirs (four municipal and one export) located in distinct livestock management systems were selected. A total of 3322 cattle; 2876 (86.6%) male, 446 (13.4%) female; 3094 (93.1%) indigenous zebu, 140 (4.2%) crossbred and 88 (2.7%) pure exotic cattle were included in the study. A nine-year meat inspection record was also analyzed to elucidate the trend of BTB in the local cattle population.Of the carcasses inspected, 337 (10.2%, 95%CI= [9.2-11.2]) had lesions suggestive of tuberculosis, 69 (20.5%) generalized and 268 (79.5%) localized.TB prevalence showed a marked variation between categories of age, breed, class of animals, abattoir, geographic origin and husbandry system. It was higher in old and young animals than middle age group; in exotic than local breed; in calves than other classes of animals. The highest and lowest prevalence of TB was recorded in Adama (24.7%, 95%CI= [21.1-28.7]) and Yabello abattoirs (4.2%, 95%CI= [2.6-6.6]), respectively. Cattle whose origin was from Addis Ababa and its surrounding areas had higher prevalence of TB infection (23.9%, 95%CI= [17.6-31.5]).Cattle maintained in dairy farms had high degree of exposure (23.9%, 95%CI= [16.7-32.9]) to the infection than those maintained in other types of management system. Analysis of meat inspection records also revealed an increasing incidence of TB over the years. Our study demonstrated a high prevalence of tuberculosis in Ethiopian slaughter cattle and this could infer to similar scenario in a reference cattle population in the country. In view of Ethiopia's increasing involvement in livestock export trade, the reported high prevalence of tuberculosis could be a major obstacle, particularly at this moment when sanitary requirements from importing countries are so much strict. Furthermore, the growing concern over increasing incidence of tuberculosis/HIV/AIDS co-infection, the high incidence of extra- pulmonary tuberculosis and a high risk of acquiring zoonotic tuberculosis among the majority of the population emphasize the need for paying the necessary attention towards the control of bovine tuberculosis.
机译：2006年7月至2007年1月，进行了一项研究，旨在描述埃塞俄比亚各家畜饲养系统中五头屠宰场（四头市政和一头出口）的埃塞俄比亚屠宰牛的总病变与牛结核病的严重程度和分布使用详细的肉类检查程序。选择了位于不同牲畜管理系统中的五个代表性屠宰场（四个市政屠场和一个出口屠场）。共有3322头牛;男性2876（86.6％），女性446（13.4％）;研究中包括了3094（93.1％）的本地封牛，140（4.2％）的杂种和88（2.7％）的纯种外来牛。还分析了一项为期9年的肉类检查记录，以阐明当地牛群中BTB的趋势。在检查的car体中，有337例（10.2％，95％CI = [9.2-11.2]）有表明肺结核的病变，69例（总体上有20.5％的患病率和268例（79.5％）的患病率。结核病患病率在年龄，品种，动物类别，屠宰场，地理起源和饲养系统之间存在显着差异。老年和幼龄动物的这一比例高于中年年龄组。异国情调比本地品种在小牛身上比其他种类的动物都多。结核病的最高和最低流行分别记录在阿达玛（24.7％，95％CI = [21.1-28.7]）和亚贝罗屠宰场（4.2％，95％CI = [2.6-6.6]）。来自亚的斯亚贝巴及其周边地区的牛的结核感染率较高（23.9％，95％CI = [17.6-31.5]）。奶牛场饲养的牛具有较高的暴露水平（23.9％，95％CI = [16.7-32.9]）比其他类型管理系统中维护的感染要多。对肉类检查记录的分析还表明，这些年来结核病的发病率在增加。我们的研究表明，埃塞俄比亚屠宰牛的结核病患病率很高，这可以推断出该国参考牛群中的类似情况。鉴于埃塞俄比亚越来越多地参与畜牧出口贸易，据报道，结核病的高流行可能是一个主要障碍，尤其是在目前进口国的卫生要求非常严格的时候。此外，在大多数人群中，人们越来越关注结核/艾滋病毒/艾滋病合并感染的发生率增加，肺外结核的高发生率和人畜共患性肺病的高风险，这表明有必要对控制牛结核病。

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