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首页> 外文期刊>Tropical Animal Health and Production >Goat farming systems in Martinique: management and breeding strategies
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Goat farming systems in Martinique: management and breeding strategies

机译：马提尼克岛的山羊养殖系统：管理和育种策略

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To be successful, initiatives to improve farmer's goat production should directly address the needs and objectives of the keepers while promoting rational use of local genetic resources. A survey was carried out to implement a genetic policy governing meat goat farming in Martinique (11400 heads and 33400 ha arable land). The questionnaire comprised a total of 27 items with 306 modalities, and included questions on farm structure, crop and animal productions, management of feeding, reproduction and health control. The sample consisted of 33 farmers with 644 ha and 2680 goats (1286 does and 52 bucks), 97% of does in the studied sample were crossbred, 56% of bucks were imported breeds (Boer or Anglo-Nubian). The number of goats per farm varied from 16 to 582. The feeding system was predominantly grazing, according to a rotation (55% of cases) or continuous grazing system (42%). On 62% of farms, the males remained with the females permanently, also 83% of farmers did not resort to methods of controlled-mating. The first criteria used for choosing animals (80 to 90% of answers) of both sex, were development and conformation. Assuming that adaptive together with productive traits are important in tropical zones, it is advisable to better define the maternal lineage of the local livestock (presently very sparse records), to improve reproduction management and culling strategies (poor and inadequate management practices do not support any genetic improvement programme), and to guide the farmers in their decisions by employing concerted interprofessional actions (choice of meat breed, market studies).
机译：为了取得成功，提高农民山羊产量的举措应直接解决饲养者的需求和目标，同时促进合理利用当地遗传资源。进行了一项调查以实施一项遗传政策，以管理马提尼克岛（11400头目和33400公顷耕地）的肉山羊养殖。问卷共包括27个项目，共306个模式，包括有关农场结构，农作物和动物生产，喂养管理，繁殖和健康控制的问题。样本由33位农民（644公顷）和2680头山羊（1286只和52美元）组成，研究样本中97％的山羊是杂交品种，56％的雄鹿是进口品种（布尔或盎格鲁-努比）。每个农场的山羊数量从16到582只不等。根据轮作（占病例的55％）或连续放牧系统（占42％）的情况，饲喂系统主要为放牧。在62％的农场中，雄性永久留在雌性中，还有83％的农民没有采取控制交配的方法。选择两性动物（答案的80％至90％）的第一个标准是发育和构象。假设适应性和生产性状在热带地区很重要，建议更好地定义当地牲畜的母系（目前记录很少），以改善繁殖管理和淘汰策略（不良和不充分的管理做法不支持基因改良计划），并通过采取跨部门行动（肉类选择，市场研究）来指导农民的决策。

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