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首页> 外文期刊>Tropical Animal Health and Production >Cattle management practices and milk production on mixed smallholder organic pineapple farms in Central Uganda
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Cattle management practices and milk production on mixed smallholder organic pineapple farms in Central Uganda

机译：乌干达中部混合小农有机菠萝农场的牛管理实践和牛奶生产

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摘要

A longitudinal study to assess animal management practices and milk production was conducted for a period of 12 months on 30 smallholder farms keeping dairy cattle and certified organic pineapple production in Luwero and Kayunga districts, based on questionnaire and on-farm collected data. Farm sizes were 9.3 +/- 6.7 acres in tethering system and 4.3 +/- 2.6 acres in zero-grazing. Fifty-four percent of the zero-grazing herds had animal housing facilities. All farmers in tethering system kept cows on earthen floors and calves without bedding. Hygiene level in existing farms was low. Majority of calves were fed once a day by restricted suckling (77 %). Seventy-four percent of tethered cows were only fed on natural grass, while cows under zero-grazing system had a more diversified diet but with 82 % feeding mainly Napier grass. Most farms (87 %) used bulls for breeding. Milk production was higher (P 0.05) in zero-grazing (6.5 L/cow/day) than tethering system, and higher (P 0.05) for Holstein-Friesian crossbred cows (5.2 L/cow/day) than local breed cows (2.6 L/cow/day). Less than 1 L of milk per farm per day on average was sold. Disease treatments were exclusively for helminths, East Coast fever, and trypanasomiasis. Spraying of ticks and deworming were important control measures of vector-borne diseases. There is potential to develop alternative feed resources for dairy cattle and biorational pesticides for control and treatment of vector-borne diseases.
机译：在问卷调查和农场收集的数据的基础上，对Luwero和Kayunga地区的30个饲养奶牛和经认证的有机菠萝生产的小农户进行了为期12个月的纵向研究，以评估动物管理方法和牛奶产量。系留系统的农场规模为9.3 +/- 6.7英亩，零放牧的农场规模为4.3 +/- 2.6英亩。零放牧牛群中有百分之五十四拥有动物收容所。系留系统中的所有农民都将母牛放在土层和犊牛上，不铺垫。现有农场的卫生水平很低。大部分小牛每天通过限制性哺乳喂养一次（77％）。 74％的拴系奶牛仅以天然草为食，而零放牧系统下的奶牛的饮食更多样化，但82％的母牛主要以纳皮尔草为食。大多数农场（87％）使用公牛进行繁殖。零放牧（6.5 L /牛/天）的奶产量比栓系系统高（P <0.05），而荷斯坦-弗里斯兰杂交奶牛（5.2 L /牛/天）的奶产量高于（P <0.05） （2.6升/牛/天）。每个农场平均每天售出不足1升的牛奶。疾病治疗仅针对蠕虫，东海岸热和锥虫病。 tick虫喷洒和驱虫是媒介传播疾病的重要控制措施。有潜力开发奶牛和生物合理农药的替代饲料资源，以控制和治疗媒介传播的疾病。

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