The traditional "recipe-based" approach to perioperative fluid therapy is outdated. Instead, we should think of perioperative fluid therapy as equivalent to intravenous drug therapy: Every anesthetic and surgical circumstance warrants its own unique fluid requirements. Few people would argue that periop- erative fluid therapy is an integral part of anesthesia and surgery; however, perioperative fluid therapy in dogs and cats is in dire need of focused investigation and reappraisal. Dehydration, oliguria, and hypotension prompt bolus fluid administration (fluid challenge) in surgical candidates to improve cardiac output and tissue perfusion and to promote diuresis.
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