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首页> 外文期刊>Twin research and human genetics : >Genetic and environmental influences on longitudinal changes in leisure-time physical activity from adolescence to young adulthood
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Genetic and environmental influences on longitudinal changes in leisure-time physical activity from adolescence to young adulthood

机译：遗传和环境影响从青春期到成年后休闲体育活动的纵向变化

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The aim of this study was to estimate genetic and environmental influences on the longitudinal evolution of leisure-time physical activity habits from adolescence to young adulthood. Data were gathered at four time points, at mean ages 16.2, 17.1, 18.6, and 24.5 years. At baseline, the sample comprised 5,216 monozygotic and dizygotic twins, born 1975-1979, and, at the last follow-up point, of 4,531 monozygotic and dizygotic twins. Physical activity volume was assessed as frequency of leisure-time physical activity and participants were categorized into three groups: inactive, moderately active, and active. Genetic and environmental influences were estimated using a multivariate, longitudinal Cholesky decomposition with a 'multifactorial liability threshold' approach. The results suggest that, in both sexes the heritability of leisure-time physical activity remained moderate (~43-52%) during adolescence, declining to ~30% in young adulthood. Shared environmental influences increased from adolescence (~18-26%) to young adulthood (43% in men and 49% in women). Specific environmental influences remained relatively stable during the total follow-up (~20-30%). New genetic, shared, and specific environmental influences at every follow-up point were suggested by the low correlations across occasions. In conclusion, the study demonstrated gender differences in genetic influences in the evolution of leisure-time physical activity habits from adolescence to young adulthood. However, shared environmental influences, especially in women, were crucial in explaining longitudinal changes in leisure-time physical activity. These outcomes emphasize the need of gender-specific measures to promote physical activity habits during young adulthood.
机译：这项研究的目的是评估遗传和环境因素对从青少年到成年的休闲体育活动习惯的纵向演变的影响。在四个时间点收集数据，平均年龄分别为16.2、17.1、18.6和24.5岁。在基线时，该样本包括5,216个单卵和双卵双胞胎，出生于1975-1979年，在最后一次随访时，包括4,531个单卵和双卵双胞胎。体力活动量被评估为休闲时间的体力活动频率，参与者分为三类：不活跃，中等活跃和活跃。遗传和环境影响是使用“多因素责任阈值”方法进行的多元纵向Cholesky分解估算的。结果表明，在男性和女性中，休闲运动的遗传力在青春期都保持中等水平（〜43-52％），在成年后下降到30％。共有的环境影响从青春期（约18-26％）增加到年轻成年（男性43％，女性49％）。在整个随访期间，特定的环境影响保持相对稳定（〜20-30％）。跨场合的低相关性暗示了在每个随访点上新的遗传，共享和特定的环境影响。总而言之，该研究表明了从青春期到成年期的休闲运动习惯的进化过程中遗传影响的性别差异。但是，共同的环境影响，特别是女性的环境影响，对于解释休闲运动的纵向变化至关重要。这些结果强调需要采取针对性别的措施来促进成年后的体育锻炼习惯。

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