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首页> 外文期刊>Veterinary Pathology >Common and emerging infectious diseases in the animal shelter. (Special Issue: Infectious diseases of domestic animals.)
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Common and emerging infectious diseases in the animal shelter. (Special Issue: Infectious diseases of domestic animals.)

机译：动物收容所中常见的和正在出现的传染病。 （特刊：家畜的传染病。）

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The beneficial role that animal shelters play is unquestionable. An estimated 3 to 4 million animals are cared for or placed in homes each year, and most shelters promote public health and support responsible pet ownership. It is, nonetheless, inevitable that shelters are prime examples of anthropogenic biological instability: even well-run shelters often house transient, displaced, and mixed populations of animals. Many of these animals have received minimal to no prior health care, and some have a history of scavenging or predation to survive. Overcrowding and poor shelter conditions further magnify these inherent risks to create individual, intraspecies, and interspecies stress and provide an environment conducive to exposure to numerous potentially collaborative pathogens. All of these factors can contribute to the evolution and emergence of new pathogens or to alterations in virulence of endemic pathogens. While it is not possible to effectively anticipate the timing or the pathogen type in emergence events, their sites of origin are less enigmatic, and pathologists and diagnosticians who work with sheltered animal populations have recognized several such events in the past decade. This article first considers the contribution of the shelter environment to canine and feline disease. This is followed by summaries of recent research on the pathogenesis of common shelter pathogens, as well as research that has led to the discovery of novel or emerging diseases and the methods that are used for their diagnosis and discovery. For the infectious agents that commonly affect sheltered dogs and cats, including canine distemper virus, canine influenza virus, Streptococcus spp., parvoviruses, feline herpesvirus, feline caliciviruses, and feline infectious peritonitis virus, we present familiar as well as newly recognized lesions associated with infection. Preliminary studies on recently discovered viruses like canine circovirus, canine bocavirus, and feline norovirus indicate that these pathogens can cause or contribute to canine and feline disease.
机译：动物庇护所发挥的有益作用是毋庸置疑的。每年估计有3-4百万只动物被照顾或安置在房屋中，大多数庇护所促进公共卫生并支持负责任的宠物所有权。但是，避难所不可避免地是人为生物不稳定性的主要例证：即使运行良好的避难所也经常收容临时性，流离失所和混合的动物种群。这些动物中有许多没有接受过很少的医疗保健，甚至没有接受过医疗保健，还有一些具有清除或捕食生存的历史。过度拥挤和恶劣的庇护条件进一步加剧了这些固有的风险，造成了个体，种内和种间的压力，并提供了有利于暴露于众多潜在协同病原体的环境。所有这些因素都可能导致新病原体的进化和出现，或导致地方病原体毒力的改变。虽然不可能有效地预测突发事件的发生时间或病原体类型，但它们的起源地点却难以为继，在过去的十年中，与庇护动物种群合作的病理学家和诊断学家已经认识到了几种此类事件。本文首先考虑庇护环境对犬和猫疾病的影响。接下来是关于常见庇护所病原体发病机理的最新研究摘要，以及导致发现新型或新兴疾病及其诊断和发现方法的研究的摘要。对于通常影响庇护所的猫和狗的传染病，包括犬瘟热病毒，犬流感病毒，链球菌属，细小病毒，猫疱疹病毒，猫杯状病毒和猫传染性腹膜炎病毒，我们介绍了与之相关的熟悉以及新发现的病灶感染。对最近发现的病毒（如犬圆环病毒，犬博卡病毒和猫诺如病毒）的初步研究表明，这些病原体可能导致或导致犬和猫疾病。

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