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Exploring the potential of membrane bioreactors to enhance metals removal from wastewater: pilot experiences

机译：探索膜生物反应器增强废水中金属去除的潜力：试点经验

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摘要

The potential of membrane bioreactors to enhance the removal of selected metals from low loaded sewages has been explored. A 1400 litre pilot plant, equipped with an industrial submerged module of hollow fibre membranes, has been used in three different configurations: membrane bioreactor, operating in sequencing batch modality, for the treatment of real mixed municipal/ industrial wastewater; membrane- assisted biosorption reactor, for the treatment of real leachate from municipal landfills; continuously fed membrane bioreactor, for the treatment of water charged with cadmium and nickel ions. The results show that: (a) in treating wastewaters with low levels of heavy metals (, one milligram per litre concentration), operating high sludge ages is not an effective strategy to significantly enhance the metals removal; (b) Hg and Cd are effectively removed already in conventional systems with gravitational final clarifiers, while Cu, Cr, Ni can rely on a additional performance in membrane bioreactors; (c) the further membrane effect is remarkable for Cu and Cr, while it is less significant for Ni. Basically, similar membrane effects recur in three different experimental applications that let us estimate the potential of membrane system to retain selected metal complexes. The future development of the research will investigate the relations between the membrane effect and the manipulable filtration parameters (i. e., permeate flux, solids content, filtration cycle).
机译：已经探索了膜生物反应器增强从低负荷污水中去除选定金属的潜力。 1400升的中试工厂配备了工业浸没模块的中空纤维膜，已用于三种不同的配置中：膜生物反应器，以分批方式进行测序，用于处理实际的市政/工业混合废水;膜辅助生物吸附反应器，用于处理市政垃圾填埋场中的真实渗滤液;连续进料的膜生物反应器，用于处理含镉和镍离子的水。结果表明：（a）在处理重金属含量低（每升浓度为1毫克）的废水时，高污泥年龄并不是有效地提高金属去除率的有效策略; （b）在具有重力最终澄清剂的常规系统中，已经有效地除去了汞和镉，而铜，铬，镍可以依靠膜生物反应器的其他性能; （c）进一步的膜效应对Cu和Cr明显，而对Ni则不那么明显。基本上，类似的膜效应会在三个不同的实验应用中重现，这使我们能够估计膜系统保留所选金属络合物的潜力。这项研究的未来发展将研究膜效应与可操纵的过滤参数（即渗透通量，固体含量，过滤周期）之间的关系。

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