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首页> 外文期刊>Water Science and Technology >Phenotypic population characteristics of the enterococci in wastewater and animal faeces: implications for the new European directive on the quality of bathing waters
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Phenotypic population characteristics of the enterococci in wastewater and animal faeces: implications for the new European directive on the quality of bathing waters

机译：废水和动物粪便中肠球菌的表型种群特征：对沐浴水质量的新欧洲指令的影响

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Faecal pollution of recreational bathing waters may derive from point sources of various wastewaters or from more diffuse sources such as run-off of agricultural wastes. The paper describes the application of population similarity studies to the enterococcal flora of various animal faeces and municipal wastewaters as a means of distinguishing human from animal faecal material. A simplified phenotypic testing technique (PhenePlate, PhP) was used to study the fermentation kinetics of eleven carbohydrates by all bacterial isolates. Enterococcal isolates (1,766) from six sources were investigated. Enterococcal population diversity (measured as Simpson's Diversity Index) in wastewater samples was high (mean D-i = 0.95) compared with those of non-human faeces. The mean diversity of isolates in seabird faeces was 0.72, in sheep and donkey faeces 0.44, in dog faeces 0.42 and in cattle faeces 0.32. Analysis of population similarity coefficients demonstrated that faeces from sheep and cattle showed the greatest similarity (S-P = 0.72). Sheep and cattle faeces demonstrated a low similarity to municipal wastewater samples. This would suggest that population similarity studies might be a useful tool for distinguishing the relative contributions of municipal wastewater and agricultural run-off to bathing water pollution. The PhP procedure identified a specific PhP type that appears to have high specificity to non-human faeces. It may, therefore, represent an important tool in source tracking. Additional phenotypic and genotypic analysis of PhP types that demonstrate a high degree of source specificity is required. The benefits and limitations of the use of population similarity studies to distinguish pollution sources are discussed in comparison with other source tracking approaches and the implications of these developments for future European Union legislation on the quality of bathing waters are discussed. [References: 13]
机译：休闲沐浴水的粪便污染可能源于各种废水的点源，也可能源于更多的分散源，例如农业废弃物的流失。本文介绍了人口相似性研究在各种动物粪便和市政废水的肠球菌群中的应用，以此作为区分人类和动物粪便的一种手段。使用简化的表型测试技术（PhenePlate，PhP）来研究所有细菌分离物对11种碳水化合物的发酵动力学。调查了来自六个来源的肠球菌分离株（1,766）。与非人类粪便相比，废水样本中的肠球菌种群多样性（以辛普森多样性指数衡量）较高（平均D-i = 0.95）。海鸟粪便中分离株的平均多样性为0.72，绵羊和驴粪便中为0.44，狗粪便中为0.42，牛粪便中为0.32。人口相似系数分析表明，绵羊和牛的粪便显示出最大的相似性（S-P = 0.72）。绵羊和牛的粪便与市政废水样品的相似性很低。这表明，人口相似性研究可能是区分市政废水和农业径流对沐浴水污染的相对贡献的有用工具。 PhP程序确定了一种特定的PhP类型，该类型似乎对非人类粪便具有高度特异性。因此，它可能是源跟踪中的重要工具。需要对PhP类型进行其他表型和基因型分析，以证明其高度的源特异性。与其他污染源追踪方法相比，讨论了使用种群相似性研究来区分污染源的好处和局限性，并讨论了这些进展对未来欧盟立法对沐浴水质量的影响。 [参考：13]

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