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首页> 外文期刊>Wildlife Society Bulletin >Migratory bird use of belowground foods in moist-soil managed wetlands in the Middle Rio Grande Valley, New Mexico [USA].
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Migratory bird use of belowground foods in moist-soil managed wetlands in the Middle Rio Grande Valley, New Mexico [USA].

机译：在新墨西哥州里奥格兰德河谷中部潮湿土壤管理的湿地中，地下食物的迁徙鸟类使用[美国]。

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摘要

Natural wetland plant foods meet energetic requirements for waterfowl and sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) if production surpasses foraging efficiency thresholds. Although knowledge of aboveground plant production and migratory bird use are available to estimate carrying capacity on intensively managed moist-soil wetlands, data are lacking regarding production and use of underground plant foods in managed areas. In 1996 and 1997, we determined use of underground foods by mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and sandhill cranes on moist-soil managed wetlands in the Middle Rio Grande Valley, New Mexico, USA, where mowing, discing, and sustained flooding treatments were tested to enhance chufa (Cyperus esculentus) production. Although there were no differences among treatments in use of belowground foods, within-treatment analyses showed that avian foraging reduced chufa tubers from 17-27% except in the 1996 sustained flooding treatment. Johnson grass (Sorghum halepense) rhizomes were reduced only in the 1997 mowed and sustained flooding treatments, whereas field bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) rhizomes were consumed only in the 1997 mowed treatment. Based on use levels, a threshold level of about 500 kg/ha of underground foods should be produced before use occurs. However, use of underground foods also may have been related to the amount of aboveground seed available in each treatment. Mallards initially may have been attracted to flooded wetlands with high aboveground seed production leading to subsequent use of underground foods. By ignoring underground wetland foods, carrying capacity for migratory birds using moist-soil managed wetlands may be underestimated..
机译：如果产量超过觅食效率阈值，则天然湿地植物性食品可满足水禽和沙丘鹤（加拿大鹤）的能量需求。尽管可以利用地上植物生产和迁徙鸟类的知识来估计集约化管理的潮湿土壤湿地的承载能力，但仍缺乏有关管理区域内地下植物性食物的生产和使用的数据。在1996年和1997年，我们确定了野鸭（Anas platyrhynchos）和沙丘鹤在美国新墨西哥州里约格兰德河谷中部潮湿土壤管理的湿地上使用​​地下食物的情况，在这里对割草，盘根和持续洪水处理进行了测试，提高chufa（Cyperus esculentus）的产量。尽管使用地下食物的处理之间没有差异，但处理内分析表明，禽类觅食使除1996年持续洪水处理以外的chufa块茎减少了17-27％。约翰逊草（高粱halepense）的根茎仅在1997年的割草和持续水淹处理中减少，而田间旋草（空心菜）的根茎仅在1997年的割草处理中被消耗。根据使用量，使用地下食物的阈值水平应为约500千克/公顷。但是，地下食物的使用也可能与每种处理中可用的地上种子的数量有关。绿头鸭最初可能被地上种子产量高的水淹湿地所吸引，导致随后使用地下食物。通过忽略地下湿地食物，可能会低估使用潮湿土壤管理的湿地对候鸟的运载能力。

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