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首页> 外文期刊>Weed Science: Journal of the Weed Science Society of America >Spatial Distribution Patterns of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in Corn Fields in Spain
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Spatial Distribution Patterns of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) in Corn Fields in Spain

机译：西班牙玉米田庄稼草（高粱）的空间分布格局

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This study describes the distribution patterns of Johnsongrass populations present in 38 commercial corn fields located in three major corn growing regions of Spain. A total of 232 ha were visually assessed from the cabin of a combine during harvesting using a three-category ranking (high density, low density, no presence) and recording the georeferenced data in a tablet personal computer. On average, 10.3 and 3.9% of the surveyed area were infested with high and low density of Johnsongrass, respectively. Most of the infested area was concentrated in a few large patches with irregular shape. Small patches (less than 1,000 m(2)) represented only 27% of the infested area. Management factors could explain much of the spatial distribution of this weed in the studied fields. Tillage direction was the main factor explaining patch shape: the length width(-1) ratio of the patches was greater than two in the tillage direction. In sprinkler irrigated fields, higher levels of infestation were generally observed close to the sprinkler lines. Areas close to the edges of the field had a higher risk of infestation than the areas in the middle of the fields: a negative relationship between distance from the edge and weed abundance was established. Because a few patches, located in some predictable parts of the field, such as field edges, represent most of the seriously infested area, site-specific treatments of these areas could reduce herbicide inputs, until more reliable, spatially precise and practical detection, mapping, and spraying systems are developed.
机译：这项研究描述了位于西班牙三个主要玉米种植区的38个商业玉米田中约翰逊草种群的分布模式。在收获期间，使用三类等级（高密度，低密度，不存在）从联合收割机的机舱中目视评估了总计232公顷的土地，并在平板电脑中记录了地理参考数据。平均而言，高密度和低密度约翰逊草感染了被调查区域的10.3和3.9％。大部分受灾地区集中在一些不规则形状的大块斑块中。小斑块（小于1,000 m（2））仅占受感染面积的27％。在研究领域中，管理因素可以解释这种杂草的大部分空间分布。耕作方向是解释斑块形状的主要因素：在耕作方向上，斑块的长宽比（-1）大于2。在喷灌场中，通常在喷灌线附近观察到较高的侵染程度。靠近田间边缘的区域比田间中部的区域具有更高的侵扰风险：到边缘的距离与杂草丰度之间建立了负相关关系。由于位于田地某些可预测部分的一些斑块代表了严重受灾地区的大部分，因此对这些地区进行针对特定地点的处理可以减少除草剂的投入，直到更可靠，空间精确和实用的检测，制图，并开发了喷涂系统。

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