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Sustainable wastewater treatment - ways to achieve energy neutrality

机译：可持续废水处理-实现能源中和的方法

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摘要

Increasing emission of greenhouse gases intensifies global warming. To tackle the problem, major economies in the world need to implement policy on energy saving. The wastewater treatment industry, being one of the energy consumers, has developed various technologies to improve energy efficiency and has started to use renewable energy with the aim of achieving energy neutrality in the wastewater treatment process. A literature review found that there is a series of energy-saving methods that can reduce the electricity consumption by 20% in wastewater treatment. Majority of the energy saving comes from energy conservation measures in pumping and aeration systems. In wastewater treatment works, two kinds of renewable energy are usually available, namely solar energy and biogas. The recent development of photovoltaic cells makes it a more practical and financially viable energy source which may cover 40% of the electricity consumption of a wastewater treatment works. Biogas, a by-product generated from the anaerobic digestion process in a wastewater treatment works, can also generate 40% of the electricity required. To achieve energy neutrality, the remaining electricity consumption can be generated through co-digestion of wastewater sludge and organic fraction in municipal solid waste.
机译：温室气体排放量的增加加剧了全球变暖。为了解决该问题，世界主要经济体需要实施节能政策。作为能源消耗者之一的废水处理行业已经开发了各种技术来提高能源效率，并开始使用可再生能源，目的是在废水处理过程中实现能源中和。文献综述发现，有一系列节能方法可以将废水处理中的电耗降低20％。节能的大部分来自于抽气和曝气系统中的节能措施。在废水处理厂中，通常有两种可再生能源，即太阳能和沼气。光伏电池的最新发展使其成为一种更加实用和经济可行的能源，可以覆盖废水处理厂40％的电力消耗。沼气是废水处理厂厌氧消化过程中产生的副产物，也可产生所需电量的40％。为了实现能源中立，可以通过共同消化废水污泥和城市固体废物中的有机部分来产生剩余的电力消耗。

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