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Periodicity of sunspot activity in the modern solar cycles

机译：现代太阳周期中黑子活动的周期性

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摘要

Sunspot number, sunspot area and sunspot unit area are usually used to show sunspot activity. In this paper, periodicity of sunspot activity of modern solar cycles has been investigated through analyzing the monthly mean values of the three indices in the time interval of May 1874 to May 2004 by use of the wavelet transform. Their global power spectra and local power spectra are given while the statistical tests of these spectra are taken into account. The main results are (1) the local wavelet power spectrum of the sunspot number seems like that of the sunspot area, indicating that the periodicity of the both indices is similar. The local power spectrum of the sunspot unit area resembles the local power spectra of the previous two indices, but looks more complicated. (2) the possible periods in sunspot activity are about 10.6 (or 10.9 years for the sunspot unit area), 31, and 42 years, and the period of about 10.6 years is statistically significant in the considered time. For the periods of about 31 and 42 years, their power peaks are under the 95% confidence level line but over the mean red-noise spectral line, and for the other rest periods, their power peaks are even under the mean red-noise spectral line, which are statistically insignificant. (3) the local power of the three periods is higher in the late stage than in the early stage of the considered time. (4) the period characteristics of the three indices, shown in the global power spectra and the local power spectra, are similar but there is difference in detail.
机译：黑子数，黑子面积和黑子单位面积通常用于显示黑子活动。本文利用小波变换，通过分析1874年5月至2004年5月时间间隔三个指数的月平均值，研究了现代太阳周期黑子活动的周期性。给出了它们的整体功率谱和局部功率谱，同时考虑了这些谱的统计测试。主要结果是：（1）黑子数的局部小波功率谱看起来像黑子区的功率谱，这表明两个指标的周期性相似。太阳黑子单位区域的局部功率谱类似于前两个指数的局部功率谱，但看起来更加复杂。 （2）太阳黑子活动的可能周期大约为10.6年（对于黑子单位面积为10.9年），31和42年，并且在考虑的时间中，大约10.6年的周期具有统计意义。在大约31年和42年的时间段内，它们的功率峰值在95％置信度线以下，但在平均红色噪声频谱线之上，而在其他休息期，它们的功率峰值甚至在平均红色噪声频谱下线，这在统计上微不足道。 （3）三个时期的局部力量在考虑的时间的后期要比在考虑的时间的初期要高。 （4）全局功率谱和局部功率谱所示的三个指标的周期特性相似，但细节有所不同。

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