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首页> 外文期刊>Chinese science bulletin >Sediment dynamic responses of coastal salt marsh to typhoon 'KAEMI' in Quanzhou Bay, Fujian Province, China
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Sediment dynamic responses of coastal salt marsh to typhoon 'KAEMI' in Quanzhou Bay, Fujian Province, China

机译：福建泉州湾沿海盐沼对“ KAEMI”台风的沉积动力学响应

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In order to understand the mechanisms of coastal protection by salt marshes during typhoon events, in situ measurements of water level, tidal current speed and direction, and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) were carried out using Electromagnetic Current Meter (EMCM, AEM HR), miniature pressure sensor (MkV/D) and Seapoint Turbidity Meter (STM) sensor on a tidal flat in Quanzhou Bay, during the period when the typhoon "KAEMI" was passing through the region. The analysis of the data obtained shows that the near-bed current speed within the Spartina alterniflora marsh was generally below 5 cm s(-1), which was apparently smaller than on the adjacent bare flat (i.e. 5-30 cm s(-1)). The change in the near-bed current speed in response to the typhoon event was not significant within the S. alterniflora marsh, but the current direction was influenced by the typhoon. The effect of the typhoon on the SSC was highly significant, with the SSC reaching 13 to 19 times the values on the bare flat or within the marsh under fair weather conditions; the near-bed SSC within the marsh was higher than on the bare flat, after the typhoon landed. The near-bed suspended sediment fluxes within the marsh and on the bare flat during the typhoon event were both enhanced, i.e., 4 times larger than under fair weather conditions. During the ebb, the bottom shear stress on the bare flat exceeded the critical shear stress for sediment motion for most of the ebb duration of the tide and, therefore, the bed sediment was eroding, with the erosion flux after the typhoon landed being around 2 to 3 times the value associated with fair weather conditions. In contrast, within the S. alterniflora marsh, the bottom shear stress was mostly lower than the critical shear stress forsediment motion, or lower than the critical shear stress for the maintenance of suspension; hence, the marsh surface was dominated by settling processes, with a settling flux during the typhoon being 3 to 6 times compared with the fair weather situations. The settling flux during the ebb was up to twice the magnitude for the flood. The comparison of sediment dynamic processes between the S. alterniflora marsh and the bare flat demonstrates that during the typhoon event the bare flat was dominated by erosion, whilst the presence of S. alterniflora favored the accretion of suspended sediment.
机译：为了了解台风事件期间盐沼对海岸保护的机制，我们使用电磁流量计（EMCM，AEM HR）对水位，潮流速度和方向以及悬浮沉积物浓度（SSC）进行了现场测量，台风“ KAEMI”通过该区域期间，在泉州湾一个潮滩上的微型压力传感器（MkV / D）和海点浊度计（STM）传感器。对获得的数据的分析表明，互花米草沼泽内近床层的电流速度通常低于5 cm s（-1），这明显小于相邻裸露的平坦区（即5-30 cm s（-1） ））。在互花米草沼泽中，响应台风事件的近床电流速度变化不明显，但是当前方向受台风影响。台风对南南合作的影响非常显着，在晴朗的天气条件下，南南合作达到裸露或沼泽内的价值的13到19倍;台风降落后，沼泽内近床SSC高于裸露平地。台风事件期间，沼泽内和裸露的平坦地层附近的悬浮泥沙通量都得到了增强，即比晴天时大了四倍。在退潮期间，在潮汐的大部分退潮期间，裸露的地面上的底部切应力超过了泥沙运动的临界切应力，因此，底泥被侵蚀，台风登陆后的侵蚀通量约为2到与天气条件相关的值的三倍。相反，在互花米草沼泽中，底部剪切应力大部分低于临界剪切应力以阻止沉积运动，或低于临界剪切应力以维持悬浮液。因此，沼泽表面受沉降过程的控制，台风期间的沉降通量是晴天时的3至6倍。退潮期间的沉降通量高达洪水的两倍。互花米草沼泽和裸露的滩涂之间的沉积物动力学过程的比较表明，在台风事件期间，裸露的沙面占主导地位的侵蚀，而互花米草的存在有利于悬浮沉积物的积聚。

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