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Direct assimilation of satellite radiance data in GRAPES variational assimilation system

机译：GRAPES变分同化系统中卫星辐射数据的直接同化

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摘要

Variational method is capable of dealing with observations that have a complicated nonlinear relation with model variables representative of the atmospheric state, and so make it possible to directly assimilate such measured variables as satellite radiance, which have a nonlinear relation with the model variables. Assimilation of any type of observations requires a corresponding observation operator, which establishes a specific mapping from the space of the model state to the space of observation. This paper presents in detail how the direct assimilation of real satellite radiance data is implemented in the GRAPES-3DVar analysis system. It focuses on all the components of the observation operator for direct assimilation of real satellite radiance data, including a spatial interpolation operator that transforms variables from model grid points to observation locations, a physical transformation from model variables to observed elements with different choices of model variables, and a data quality control. Assimilation experiments, using satellite radiances such as NOAA17 AMSU-A and AMSU-B (Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit), are carried out with two different schemes. The results from these experiments can be physically understood and clearly reflect a rational effect of direct assimilation of satellite radiance data in GRAPES-3DVar analysis system.
机译：变分方法能够处理与代表大气状态的模型变量具有复杂的非线性关系的观测，因此可以直接同化与模型变量具有非线性关系的测量变量（如卫星辐射）。任何类型的观察的同化都需要相应的观察算子，该算子建立从模型状态空间到观察空间的特定映射。本文详细介绍了如何在GRAPES-3DVar分析系统中实现对真实卫星辐射数据的直接同化。它着重于观测算子的所有组成部分，以直接吸收真实的卫星辐射数据，包括空间插值算子，该算子将变量从模型网格点转换到观测位置，从模型变量到观测元素的物理转换，具有不同的模型变量选择，以及数据质量控制。使用卫星辐射，例如NOAA17 AMSU-A和AMSU-B（高级微波探测单元），进行了同化实验，采用两种不同的方案。这些实验的结果可以从物理上理解，并且清楚地反映了GRAPES-3DVar分析系统中卫星辐射数据直接同化的合理效果。

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