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首页> 外文期刊>Health policy and planning >Formal and informal payments in health care facilities in two Russian cities, Tyumen and Lipetsk.
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Formal and informal payments in health care facilities in two Russian cities, Tyumen and Lipetsk.

机译：俄罗斯两个城市秋明州和利佩茨克州医疗机构的正式和非正式付款。

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Informal payments for health care services are common in many transition countries, including Russia. While the Russian government proclaims its policy goal of improving access to and quality of free-of-charge health services, it has approved regulations that give local authorities the right to provide services against payment. This paper reports the results of a population-based survey (n = 2001) examining the prevalence of the use of medical services for which people pay formally or informally in two regional capitals of different economic status. The purpose of the study was to reveal any differences in the forms of and reasons for payments between the two cities and between socio-economic groups. The results indicate that formal payments were more common in the capital of the wealthier region, Tyumen, while the prevalence of informal payments was higher in the capital of the poorer region, Lipetsk. Around 15% of respondents had made informal payments in the past 3 years. Being a female (OR = 1.57), having a chronic disease (OR = 1.62), being a pensioner (OR = 2.8) and being willing to pay for additional medical information (OR = 2.48) increased the probability of informal payments. The survey demonstrates that in Russia access to and quality of publicly funded health care services may be under serious threat due to the current unclear, non-transparent financial rules. The practice of informal payments exists along with the introduction of formal chargeable government services, which may hamper the government's efforts to enhance equality among health service users.
机译：在包括俄罗斯在内的许多转型国家中，医疗保健服务的非正式付款很普遍。尽管俄罗斯政府宣布了其旨在改善免费医疗服务的获取和质量的政策目标，但它已批准了有关法规，赋予地方政府有偿提供付费服务的权利。本文报告了一项基于人口的调查（n = 2001）的结果，该调查研究了人们在两个经济状况不同的区域首都中以正式或非正式方式付费的医疗服务的使用率。该研究的目的是揭示两个城市之间以及社会经济群体之间付款方式和付款原因的任何差异。结果表明，在较富裕地区的首都秋明州，正式付款更为普遍，而在较贫穷地区利佩茨克的首都，非正式付款的发生率较高。在过去3年中，约有15％的受访者进行了非正式付款。女性（OR = 1.57），患有慢性疾病（OR = 1.62），养老金领取者（OR = 2.8）并愿意支付额外的医疗信息（OR = 2.48）会增加非正式支付的可能性。该调查表明，由于当前不清楚，不透明的财务规则，在俄罗斯获得公共资助的医疗服务和其质量可能受到严重威胁。非正式支付的做法与正式收费政府服务的引入同时存在，这可能会妨碍政府为增进卫生服务使用者之间的平等所作的努力。

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