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Economic analysis of childhood pneumonia in Northern Pakistan.

机译：巴基斯坦北部儿童肺炎的经济分析。

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OBJECTIVES: This study estimates household costs for treatment of pneumonia, severe pneumonia and very severe febrile disease. Combined with reported costs from the health care provider perspective, an estimate of the overall financial burden of these diseases has been developed for the Northern Areas of Pakistan. METHODS: Data on the duration and economic implications of the illnesses for households were collected from caretakers of children under 3 years of age enrolled in a surveillance study who sought care at a health facility. Trained study physicians and health workers identified children with pneumonia, severe pneumonia and very severe febrile disease--as defined by protocols for the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI). RESULTS: From January to December 2002, 141 health facility visits for pneumonia (n = 41, 29%), severe pneumonia (n = 65, 46%) and very severe febrile disease (n = 35, 25%) were recorded for 112 children who sought care at various levels of health facilities in theNorthern Areas of Pakistan. The total societal average cost per episode was USDollars 22.62 for pneumonia, USDollars 142.90 for severe pneumonia and USDollars 62.48 for very severe febrile disease. For household expenditures, medicines constituted the highest proportion (40.54%) of costs incurred during a visit to the health facility, followed by meals (23.68%), hospitalization (13.23%) and transportation (12.19%). CONCLUSION: Pneumonia is one of the leading killers of children in Pakistan with a correspondingly high economic burden to society. The results of this study suggest that there is a strong economic justification for expanding the availability of existing interventions to fight pneumonia, and for introducing measures such as vaccines to prevent pneumonia episodes.
机译：目的：这项研究估计了家庭治疗肺炎，重症肺炎和非常严重的发热性疾病的费用。结合从卫生保健提供者的角度报告的费用，已经为巴基斯坦北部地区估计了这些疾病的总体财务负担。方法：该疾病的病程和对家庭的经济影响的数据是从参加一项在卫生机构寻求治疗的监测研究的3岁以下儿童的看护人收集的。受过训练的研究医师和医护人员确定了患有肺炎，重症肺炎和非常严重的发热性疾病的儿童，这是由《儿童疾病综合管理》（IMCI）协议定义的。结果：2002年1月至2002年12月，共记录了141次针对肺炎的卫生机构就诊（n = 41，29％），严重肺炎（n = 65，46％）和非常严重的发热性疾病（n = 35，25％）。在巴基斯坦北部各个级别的医疗机构寻求护理的儿童。每次发作的平均社会平均总花费为：肺炎为22.62美元，重症肺炎为142.90美元，高热病为62.48美元。在家庭支出中，药品占到医疗机构就诊费用的最高比例（40.54％），其次是进餐（23.68％），住院（13.23％）和交通（12.19％）。结论：肺炎是巴基斯坦儿童的主要杀手之一，对社会造成相应的高经济负担。这项研究的结果表明，为扩大现有的抗击肺炎的干预措施并引入诸如预防肺炎发作的疫苗之类的措施有强大的经济理由。

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