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The terrain of health policy analysis in low and middle income countries: a review of published literature 1994-2007.

机译：中低收入国家卫生政策分析的领域：1994-2007年发表的文献综述。

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This article provides the first ever review of literature analysing the health policy processes of low and middle income countries (LMICs). Based on a systematic search of published literature using two leading international databases, the article maps the terrain of work published between 1994 and 2007, in terms of policy topics, lines of inquiry and geographical base, as well as critically evaluating its strengths and weaknesses. The overall objective of the review is to provide a platform for the further development of this field of work. From an initial set of several thousand articles, only 391 were identified as relevant to the focus of inquiry. Of these, 164 were selected for detailed review because they present empirical analyses of health policy change processes within LMIC settings. Examination of these articles clearly shows that LMIC health policy analysis is still in its infancy. There are only small numbers of such analyses, whilst the diversity of policy areas, topics and analytical issues that have been addressed across a large number of country settings results in a limited depth of coverage within this body of work. In addition, the majority of articles are largely descriptive in nature, limiting understanding of policy change processes within or across countries. Nonetheless, the broad features of experience that can be identified from these articles clearly confirm the importance of integrating concern for politics, process and power into the study of health policy. By generating understanding of the factors influencing the experience and results of policy change, such analysis can inform action to strengthen future policy development and implementation. This article, finally, outlines five key actions needed to strengthen the field of health policy analysis within LMICs, including capacity development and efforts to generate systematic and coherent bodies of work underpinned by both the intent to undertake rigorous analytical work and concern to support policy change.
机译：本文是对中低收入国家（LMIC）的卫生政策过程进行分析的文献的首次综述。在使用两个国际领先数据库对发表的文献进行系统搜索的基础上，本文从政策主题，调查范围和地理基础等方面对1994年至2007年出版的工作领域进行了制图，并对其优势和劣势进行了严格的评估。审查的总体目标是为该工作领域的进一步发展提供一个平台。在最初的几千篇文章中，只有391篇与调查重点相关。在这些样本中，有164个被选择进行详细审查，因为它们对LMIC设置中的健康政策变更过程进行了经验分析。对这些文章的检查清楚地表明，LMIC健康政策分析仍处于起步阶段。此类分析的数量很少，而在众多国家/地区设置中已解决的政策领域，主题和分析问题的多样性，导致该工作范围的深度有限。此外，大多数文章本质上是描述性的，限制了对国家内部或国家间政策变化过程的理解。但是，可以从这些文章中确定的经验的广泛特征清楚地证明了将对政治，过程和权力的关注纳入健康政策研究的重要性。通过对影响经验和政策变更结果的因素的理解，此类分析可以为采取行动加强未来的政策制定和实施提供依据。最后，本文概述了在中低收入国家中加强卫生政策分析领域所需采取的五项关键行动，包括能力建设以及旨在开展严格分析工作和支持政策变革的关切基础上建立系统一致的工作机构的努力。

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