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Factors affecting stage-specific distribution in the stream salamander Gyrinophilus porphyriticus

机译：影响sal流藻中特定阶段分布的因素

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摘要

In streams, reach-scale physical habitat (i.e., pool, run, riffle, cascade; hereafter mesohabitat) is viewed as an important control on the distribution of organisms. However, there is limited understanding of stage-specific mesohabitat associations in species with complex life histories and of associated causes and population-level implications of these distribution patterns. In intensive field surveys, I found that larvae and adults of the stream salamander Gyrinophilus porphyriticus (Plethodontidae) displayed similar associations with pools and riffles. However, larvae were negatively associated with cascades and adults were negatively associated with runs. Adults had no effect on the survival, growth, or activity of larvae in a controlled experiment, suggesting that stage-specific negative associations were not a function of intraspecific interactions. These negative mesohabitat associations may be related to the size-distribution of interstitial spaces in cascades and runs, which were biased against larval and adult body sizes, respectively. My results indicate that incorporating reach-scale habitat structure in sampling programs is critical for accurate assessments of stream amphibian populations, and that perturbations altering reach-scale habitat structure may differentially affect life history stages of G. porphyriticus.
机译：在溪流中，达到规模的物理栖息地（即水池，奔跑，浅滩，梯级;此后为中生境）被视为对生物分布的重要控制。但是，对于具有复杂生活史的物种中特定阶段的中生境关联以及这些分布方式的相关原因和种群水平的含义的了解有限。在密集的实地调查中，我发现sal流中的幼虫和成年斑纹夜蛾（Plethodontidae）与池和浅滩显示出相似的关联。然而，幼虫与叶栅负相关，而成年与奔跑负相关。在对照实验中，成虫对幼虫的存活，生长或活性没有影响，这表明阶段特异性负关联不是种内相互作用的函数。这些消极的中栖关联可能与叶栅和游隙中间隙空间的大小分布有关，它们分别偏向幼虫和成年个体的大小。我的研究结果表明，将采样范围的栖息地结构纳入采样程序对于准确评估溪流两栖动物种群至关重要，而扰动改变了采样范围的栖息地结构可能会差异地影响斑纹紫菜的生活史阶段。

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