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首页> 外文期刊>Herpetologica >Tradeoffs between escape behavior and foraging opportunity by the Balearic lizard (Podarcis lilfordi)
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Tradeoffs between escape behavior and foraging opportunity by the Balearic lizard (Podarcis lilfordi)

机译：巴利阿里蜥蜴（Podarcis lilfordi）在逃避行为和觅食机会之间进行权衡

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Optimal escape theory predicts that prey permit closer approach by predators when fleeing is more costly, but does not predict other aspects of escape such as distance fled or the likelihood of returning to the initial site in the presence or absence of a resource such as food. Because a lizard preparing to feed amy lose the feeding opportunity, optimal escape theory predicts that the lizard should allow a predator to approach closer before fleeing when a stationary food source is present than in its absence. In addition, we predicted that when a predator was nearby, lizards would flee a shorter distance and return more often when food was present than absent. We presented adult males of the omnivorous Balearic lizard, Podarcis lilfordi, with a tethered piece of pear or a pebble of similar size and shape. One of us approached a lizard in a standardized manner, stopping and remaining still when the lizard fled. The other investigator recorded escape and return behaviors. Lizards in the presence of food permitted closer approach before fleeing, fled a substantially shorter distance, and were far more likely to return to the site of stimulus presentation than when a pebble was presented. These findings suggest that prey may alter several aspects of escape behavior to reduce costs due to lost opportunities, and present a likelihood that interspecific variation exists in the combination of aspects of antipredatory behavior that are modified.
机译：最佳逃逸理论预测，逃逸造成的代价更高时，猎物可以使掠食者更接近，但不能预测逃逸的其他方面，例如逃跑的距离或存在或不存在食物（如食物）时返回初始地点的可能性。由于准备给艾米喂食的蜥蜴失去了喂食的机会，因此最佳逃逸理论预测，在存在固定食物源的情况下，蜥蜴应允许掠食者在逃跑前比在不存在时更接近。另外，我们预测，在附近存在食肉动物时，蜥蜴会逃离更短的距离，并且在有食物的情况下逃亡的机会更多。我们为杂食性巴利阿里蜥蜴（Podarcis lilfordi）的成年雄性提供了一块拴在一起的梨子或大小和形状相似的卵石。我们中的一个人以标准化的方式接近蜥蜴，在蜥蜴逃跑时停下来并保持静止。另一名调查员记录了逃逸和返回行为。与有卵石的情况相比，有食物的蜥蜴可以在逃离前更近地接近，逃离的距离要短得多，并且更有可能回到刺激状态。这些发现表明，猎物可能会改变逃逸行为的几个方面，以减少因失去机会而造成的损失，并且存在种间变异存在的可能性，而种间变异存在于被修改的反掠夺行为的各个方面的组合中。

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