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首页> 外文期刊>HNO >Sk2 guidelines'Diagnosis and Therapy of Snoring in Adults': Compiled by the Sleep Medicine Working Group of the German Society of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery [S2k-Leitlinie 'Diagnostik und Therapie des Schnarchens des Erwachsenen': Vorgelegt von der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Schlafmedizin der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e. V.]
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Sk2 guidelines'Diagnosis and Therapy of Snoring in Adults': Compiled by the Sleep Medicine Working Group of the German Society of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery [S2k-Leitlinie 'Diagnostik und Therapie des Schnarchens des Erwachsenen': Vorgelegt von der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Schlafmedizin der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie e. V.]

机译：Sk2指南“成人打呼D的诊断和治疗”：由德国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学会睡眠医学工作组编写[S2k指南“成人打ia的诊断和治疗”：由德国耳鼻喉科睡眠医学工作组介绍德国耳鼻喉医学学会头颈外科e。 V]

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摘要

These guidelines aim to facilitate high quality medical care of adults with snoring problems. The guidelines were devised for application in both in- and outpatient environments and are directed primarily at all those concerned with the diagnosis and therapy of snoring. According to the AWMF three-level concept, these represent S2k guidelines. A satisfactory definition of snoring does not currently exist. Snoring is the result of vibration of soft tissue structures in narrow regions of the upper airway during breathing while asleep. Ultimately, these vibrations are caused by the sleep-associated decrease in muscle tone in the area of the upper airway dilator muscles. A multitude of risk factors for snoring have been described and its occurrence is multifactorial. Data relating to the frequency of snoring vary widely, depending on the way in which the data are collected. Snoring is usually observed in middle-aged individuals and affected males predominate. Clinical diagnosis of snoring should comprise a free evaluation of the patient's medical history. Where possible this should also involve their bed partner and the case history can be complimented by questionnaires. To determine the airflow relevant structures, a clinical examination of the nose should be performed. This examination may also include nasal endoscopy. Examination of the oropharynx is particularly important and should be performed. The larynx and the hypopharynx should be examined. The size of the tongue and the condition of the mucous membranes should be recorded as part of the oral cavity examination, as should the results of a dental assessment. Facial skeleton morphology should be assessed for orientation purposes. Technical examinations may be advisable in individual cases. In the instance of suspected sleep-related breathing disorders, relevant comorbidities or where treatment for snoring has been requested, an objective sleep medicine examination should be performed. Snoring is not-at least as we currently understand it-a disease associated with a medical threat; therefore there is currently no medical necessity to treat the condition. All overweight patients with snoring problems should strive to lose weight. If snoring is associated with the supine position, positional therapy can be considered. Some cases of snoring can be appropriately treated using an intraoral device. Selected minimally invasive surgical procedures on the soft palate can be recommended to treat snoring, provided that examinations have revealed a suitable anatomy. The choice of technique is determined primarily by the individual anatomy. At an appropriate interval after the commencement or completion a therapeutic measure, a follow-up examination should be conducted to assess the success of the therapy and to aid in the planning of any further treatments.
机译：这些准则旨在促进打问题成年人的高质量医疗。该指南是为在门诊和门诊环境中应用而设计的，主要针对所有与打ing的诊断和治疗有关的人。根据AWMF的三级概念，它们代表了S2k准则。打not的令人满意的定义目前不存在。打是睡眠中呼吸期间上呼吸道狭窄区域中软组织结构振动的结果。最终，这些振动是由上呼吸道扩张器肌肉区域中与睡眠相关的肌张力下降引起的。已经描述了打的多种危险因素，并且打occurrence的发生是多因素的。与打nor频率有关的数据差异很大，具体取决于收集数据的方式。通常在中年人中观察到打nor，受影响的男性占多数。打diagnosis的临床诊断应包括对患者病史的免费评估。在可能的情况下，还应让他们的卧床伴侣参与进来，并且可以通过问卷调查对病史进行补充。为了确定与气流有关的结构，应进行鼻子的临床检查。该检查还可以包括鼻内窥镜检查。口咽检查非常重要，应进行检查。应检查喉和下咽。口腔检查应记录舌头的大小和粘膜状况，以及牙科评估的结果。应评估面部骨骼形态以用于定向。在个别情况下，建议进行技术检查。如果怀疑有与睡眠有关的呼吸障碍，相关合并症或需要打呼treatment的治疗，则应进行客观的睡眠医学检查。打nor不是-至少按照我们目前的理解-是一种与医疗威胁有关的疾病。因此，目前没有医学上的必要来治疗该疾病。所有有打问题的超重患者都应努力减肥。如果打sup与仰卧位有关，则可以考虑位置疗法。打oral的某些情况可以使用口腔内装置适当治疗。如果检查发现合适的解剖结构，可以推荐在on上选择微创手术程序来治疗打呼ing。技术的选择主要取决于个体的解剖结构。在开始或完成治疗措施后的适当间隔，应进行随访检查，以评估治疗的成功性，并有助于计划进一步的治疗。

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