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Testing cross-ply vs. unidirectional composites

机译：测试单层复合材料与单向复合材料

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摘要

In my previous column on tensile testing (HPC January 2006, p. 8), I referenced a commonly expressed concern by Hart-Smith1 and others, when I wrote: "It is debatable whether one should even attempt a tensile test on a unidirectional composite, given the difficulties encountered, but that is a topic for another time." That topic's time has come. While my previous column addressed tensile testing, the issue of using cross-ply laminates rather than unidirectional composites has become even more important for compression testing in recent years, as will be noted below. First, however, we need to define "cross-ply." Occasionally an article in the published literature does not distinguish between cross-ply and angle-ply laminates, referring to both as cross-ply laminates. However, it is more common to distinguish them. For our purposes, the former will be defined as a laminate with all plies oriented at 0 deg and 90 deg, i.e. a [0/90] family of laminates with arbitrary numbers and distributions of 0 deg and 90 deg plies. An angle-ply laminate is one containing off-axis plies of other orientations. Here, I will address the issues involved for both tensile and compressive loading, noting in particular that, by definition, a cross-ply laminate will fail at a lower applied force than a unidirectional composite of the same thickness, 90 deg plies being weaker than 0 deg plies.
机译：在我以前的有关拉伸试验的专栏中（HPC，2006年1月，第8页），当我写道：“人们甚至应该在单向复合材料上进行拉伸试验还是有争议的。考虑到遇到的困难，但这是另一个话题。”那个话题的时候到了。我的前一篇专栏文章讨论了拉伸测试，但近年来，对于压缩测试，使用交叉层压材料而不是单向复合材料的问题变得更加重要，如下所述。但是，首先，我们需要定义“交叉”。有时，公开文献中的一篇文章没有区分交叉层层压板和角层层压板，两者都称为交叉层层压板。但是，区分它们更为普遍。出于我们的目的，将前者定义为所有层均定向为0度和90度的层压板，即[0/90]系列层压板，其任意数量和分布为0度和90度。角帘布层层压板是一种包含其他方向的离轴层的层压板。在这里，我将解决拉伸和压缩载荷所涉及的问题，尤其要注意的是，按照定义，与相同厚度的单向复合材料相比，交叉层压材料在更低的作用力下会失效，其中90度的层压材料比0度层。

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