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首页> 外文期刊>Trends in Ecology & Evolution >Epialleles via DNA methylation: consequences for plant evolution
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Epialleles via DNA methylation: consequences for plant evolution

机译：通过DNA甲基化的等位基因：对植物进化的影响

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摘要

In plants, naturally occurring methylation of genes can affect the level of gene expression. Variation among individuals in the degree of methylation of a gene, termed epialleles, produces novel phenotypes that are heritable across generations. To date, ecologically important genes with methylated epialleles have been found to affect floral shape, vegetative and seed pigmentation, pathogen resistance and development in plants. Currently, the extent to which epiallelic variation is an important common contributor to phenotypic variation in natural plant populations and its fitness consequences are not known. Because epiallele phenotypes can have identical underlying DNA sequences, response to selection on these phenotypes is likely to differ from expectations based on traditional models of microevolution. Research is needed to understand the role of epialleles in natural plant populations. Recent advances in molecular genetic techniques could enable population biologists to screen for epiallelic variants within plant populations and disentangle epigenetic from more standard genetic sources of phenotypic variance, such as additive genetic variance, dominance variance, epistasis and maternal genetic effects.
机译：在植物中，自然发生的基因甲基化会影响基因表达的水平。个体之间的基因甲基化程度（称为等位基因）变异会产生可世代遗传的新表型。迄今为止，已经发现具有甲基化等位基因的具有生态学意义的基因会影响植物的花形，营养和种子色素沉着，病原体抗性和发育。目前，表位等位基因变异是自然植物种群表型变异的重要共同贡献者的程度及其适应性后果尚不清楚。由于等位基因表型可以具有相同的基础DNA序列，因此对这些表型的选择反应可能与基于传统微进化模型的预期不同。需要进行研究以了解等位基因在天然植物种群中的作用。分子遗传技术的最新进展可以使种群生物学家筛选植物种群中的等位基因变异，并从表型变异的更多标准遗传资源（例如加性遗传变异，优势变异，上位性和母体遗传效应）中分离表观遗传。

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