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首页> 外文期刊>Trends in Ecology & Evolution >What is wrong with absolute individual fitness?
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What is wrong with absolute individual fitness?

机译：绝对的个人适合度怎么了？

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摘要

One of the most basic facts about evolution is that fitness is a relative concept. It does not matter how well an organism survives and reproduces, only that it does so better than other organisms bearing alternative traits. Nevertheless, many evolutionary arguments are framed in terms of absolute individual fitness. The absolute fitness criterion (AFC) can be justified in terms of relative fitness only given certain assumptions that are frequently violated in nature. In particular, interactions must occur in groups that are randomly formed and phenotypic variation among groups must be tightly coupled to genetic variation. Complicating the genotype-phenotype relationship can cause phenotypic variation among groups to become nonrandom, even when the groups are randomly formed, favoring traits that do not maximize absolute individual fitness. Complex genotype-phenotype relationships and complex population structures require explicit models of evolutionary change based on relative fitness differences within and among groups.
机译：关于进化的最基本事实之一是适应性是一个相对的概念。一个生物生存和繁殖的好坏并不重要，只是它比其他具有替代性状的生物做得更好。然而，许多进化论的论点都以绝对的个体适应性为框架。仅在自然界中经常被违反的某些假设下，绝对适合度标准（AFC）可以相对适合度为依据。特别地，相互作用必须在随机形成的组中发生，并且组之间的表型变异必须与遗传变异紧密结合。复杂的基因型-表型关系可能导致组间的表型变异成为非随机的，即使组是随机形成的，也偏向于不能使绝对个体适应性最大化的特征。复杂的基因型-表型关系和复杂的种群结构需要基于组内和组间相对适应性差异的显式进化变化模型。

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