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首页> 外文期刊>HortScience >Drip Irrigation in California Strawberry Nurseries to Reduce theTI Drip Irrigation in California Strawberry Nurseries to Reduce the Incidence of Colletotrichum acutatum in Fruit Production
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Drip Irrigation in California Strawberry Nurseries to Reduce theTI Drip Irrigation in California Strawberry Nurseries to Reduce the Incidence of Colletotrichum acutatum in Fruit Production

机译：加利福尼亚草莓苗圃滴灌以减少TI加利福尼亚草莓苗圃滴灌以减少切皮炭疽菌在水果生产中的发生率

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摘要

Strawberry anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum acutatum is often asymptomatic on plants in sprinkler-irrigated nurseries but destructive after transplantation into fruiting fields. This study evaluated the impact of strawberry nursery sprinkler and drip irrigation in the presence or absence of C. acutatum on post-transplantation plant growth, mortality, and fruit yield in fruiting fields in California. In a 2005 nursery at Tulelake, CA, dip infestation of mother plants with C. acutatum reduced early-season mother plant canopy size by 21% and delayed runner production in mother plants but otherwise had no obvious disease symptoms. In comparison with sprinkler-irrigated treatments in the nursery, drip irrigation of infested nursery plots reduced plant losses in fruit production fields by 86% at Watsonville, CA, in 2005 and 50% and 75% at Oxnard, CA, in 2005 and 2008. Transplants from infested nursery treatments had a 33% to 60% smaller canopy and 11% to 42% lower yield than transplants from uninfested nursery treatments. However, transplant canopy size and yield from the infested and then drip-irrigated nursery treatment were similar to the sprinkler-irrigated, non-infested nursery treatment. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction measurements of C. acutatum in crown tissue of fruiting field plants seven weeks after transplanting showed significantly more C. acutatum (approximate to 11x) in their crowns in sprinkler-irrigated than drip-irrigated, infested nursery transplant treatments. During the course of fruit production, the amount of C. acutatum in crown tissue increased in all treatments. However, at the end of the fruit season, there was still significantly more (approximate to 8x) C. acutatum in the crowns of the plants produced by sprinkler irrigation than by drip irrigation in the nursery. These data suggest that if C. acutatum is present in the nursery, drip irrigation can reduce subsequent plant stunting and yield losses in strawberry production fields.
机译：由尖头炭疽菌引起的草莓炭疽病通常在洒水灌溉的苗圃中对植物无症状，但移植到结果田后具有破坏性。这项研究评估了在加利福尼亚州有节肢动物存在或不存在的情况下，草莓苗圃喷头和滴灌对加利福尼亚州果园移栽后植物生长，死亡率和水果产量的影响。在加州图勒莱克（Tulelake）的2005年苗圃中，浸染了满角锥虫的母本植物使早期季节的母本植物冠层大小减少了21％，并推迟了母本中转子的产生，但没有明显的病害症状。与苗圃的喷灌处理相比，2005年，在加利福尼亚州沃森维尔，对侵害性苗圃地的滴灌将水果生产田的植物损失减少了86％，在2005年和2008年，加利福尼亚州奥克斯纳德分别减少了50％和75％。与未经感染的苗圃处理相比，侵染性苗圃处理的移植物冠层缩小了33％至60％，产量降低了11％至42％。但是，受侵染然后滴灌的苗圃处理的冠层大小和产量与喷灌，非侵染的苗圃处理相似。移栽后七周，实地植物冠状组织中的顶头衣冠虫定量聚合酶链反应测量显示，在喷头灌溉条件下，冠状顶头衣藻明显高于滴灌，侵染的苗圃移植处理。在水果生产过程中，在所有处理中冠冠组织中的番茄通心草数量均增加。然而，在果实季节结束时，喷头灌溉产生的植株冠状茎中的冠状茎假单胞菌仍然比苗圃中的滴灌明显多（约8倍）。这些数据表明，如果苗圃中存在番茄假单胞菌，滴灌可以减少草莓生产田中随后的植物发育迟缓和产量损失。

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