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首页> 外文期刊>HortTechnology >Current Knowledge, Gaps, and Future Needs for Keeping Water and Nutrients in the Root Zone of Vegetables Grown in Florida.
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Current Knowledge, Gaps, and Future Needs for Keeping Water and Nutrients in the Root Zone of Vegetables Grown in Florida.

机译：在佛罗里达州种植的蔬菜的根部保持水分和营养的当前知识，差距和未来需求。

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The success of the best management practices (BMPs) program for vegetables in Florida is measured by the level of BMP implementation and the improvement of water quality. Both require keeping water and fertilizer in the root zone of vegetables. The University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS) Extension Vegetable Group has identified the fundamental principles of 1) basing UF/IFAS production recommendations on the rigors of science and the reality of field production; 2) replacing the out-of-date paradigm "pollute less by reducing nutrient application rates" with "improve water management and adjust fertilizer programs accordingly"; 3) engaging growers, consultants, educators, and regulators in open-channel discussions; and 4) regularly updating current fertilization and irrigation recommendations for vegetables grown in Florida to reflect current varieties used by the industry. The group identified 1) developing ultralow-flow drip irrigation; 2) assisting conversion from seepage to drip irrigation; 3) using recycled water; 4) developing controlled-release fertilizers for vegetables; 5) developing real-time management tools for continuous monitoring of soil water and chemical parameters; 6) developing yield mapping tools for vegetable crops; 7) developing and testing drainage lysimeter designs suitable for in-field load assessment; and 8) using grafting and breeding to develop commercially acceptable varieties with improved nutrient use efficiency by improving morphological, biochemical, and chemical traits as new strategies to keep nutrients in the root zone. These strategies should become funding priorities for state agencies to help the vegetable industry successfully transition into the BMP era.
机译：佛罗里达州蔬菜最佳管理规范（BMP）计划的成功取决于BMP实施的水平和水质的改善。两者都需要在蔬菜的根部保持水分和肥料。佛罗里达大学食品与农业科学研究所（UF / IFAS）推广蔬菜小组确定了以下基本原则：1）将UF / IFAS的生产建议基于科学的严谨性和田间生产的现实; 2）用“改善水管理并相应地调整肥料方案”代替过时的范式“通过降低养分施用量来减少污染”; 3）让种植者，顾问，教育者和监管者参与公开渠道的讨论; 4）定期更新佛罗里达州种植蔬菜的当前施肥和灌溉建议，以反映该行业当前使用的品种。该小组确定了1）发展超低流量滴灌; 2）协助从渗灌到滴灌的转化; 3）使用循环水; 4）开发蔬菜控释肥料; 5）开发实时管理工具，以连续监测土壤水和化学参数; 6）开发蔬菜作物的产量图绘制工具; 7）开发和测试适合现场负荷评估的排水渗漏计设计; 8）通过嫁接和育种，开发出商业上可以接受的品种，通过改善形态，生化和化学特性来提高养分利用效率，以此作为将养分保持在根区的新策略。这些策略应成为国家机构的资金优先事项，以帮助蔬菜产业成功过渡到BMP时代。

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