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首页> 外文期刊>Human Ecology >Aboriginal Resource Utilization and Fire Management Practice in Western Arnhem Land, Monsoonal Northern Australia: Notes for Prehistory, Lessons for the Future
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Aboriginal Resource Utilization and Fire Management Practice in Western Arnhem Land, Monsoonal Northern Australia: Notes for Prehistory, Lessons for the Future

机译：澳大利亚北部季风北部阿纳姆州西部的原住民资源利用和消防管理实践：史前笔记，未来教训

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This paper considers traditional resources and fire management practices of Aboriginal people living in a near-coastal region of western Arnhem Land, monsoonal northern Australia. The data illustrate that before the arrival of Europeans freshwater floodplains and riverine habitats provided the major proportion of food resources over much of the seasonal cycle. By contrast, the extensive lowland woodlands and open forests, the sparser vegetation of the Arnhem Land escarpment and plateau, and the generally small patches of rain forest (jungle), provided relatively few resources, although jungle yams were of critical importance through the relatively lean wet season. The paper then considers burning as a management tool through the seasonal cycle. In broad terms, burning commenced in the early dry season and was applied systematically and purposefully over the landscape. Burning in the late dry season was undertaken with care, and resumed in earnest with the onset of the first storms of the new wet season, particularly on floodplains. These general patterns of resource use and fire management are shown to have applied widely over much of near-coastal northern Australia. The implications of these data for prehistory and for contemporary land management practices in the region, are considered. It is suggested that pre-European patterns of fire management in the region are likely to have been practiced only over the past few thousand years, given the development of abundant food resources in the late Holocene. It is shown that traditional burning practice offers a generally useful, conservative model for living in and managing a highly fire-prone savanna environment.
机译：本文考虑了居住在澳大利亚北部季风区阿纳姆地带西部近沿海地区的原住民的传统资源和消防管理做法。数据表明，在欧洲人到来之前，淡水洪泛区和河流栖息地在整个季节周期的大部分时间内提供了主要的粮食资源。相比之下，广阔的低地林地和开阔的森林，阿纳姆高原悬崖和高原的稀疏植被以及小片的雨林（丛林）提供的资源相对较少，尽管丛林山药由于相对贫瘠而至关重要雨季。然后，论文将燃烧视为整个季节周期中的一种管理工具。从广义上讲，燃烧始于干旱的早期，并有计划地在整个景观上进行。在干燥的后期进行了认真的燃烧，并在新的潮湿季节的第一次暴风雨来临时特别是在洪泛区重新开始燃烧。这些资源利用和火灾管理的一般模式已在澳大利亚近沿海的大部分地区广泛应用。考虑了这些数据对于该地区的史前史和当代土地管理实践的意义。有人建议，鉴于全新世晚期食物资源的丰富发展，该地区的欧洲前火灾管理模式可能仅在过去几千年中才开始实行。结果表明，传统的燃烧实践为生活在易燃大草原环境中并对其进行管理提供了一种普遍有用的保守模型。

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