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Who Detects Ecological Change After Catastrophic Events? Indigenous Knowledge, Social Networks, and Situated Practices

机译：谁在灾难性事件之后发现生态变化？土著知识，社交网络和惯常做法

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Detecting ecological change is a critical first step in the process of local-level adaptation, yet few studies have explored the factors that predict knowledge acquisition following catastrophic events. This article empirically assesses individual variation in the ability of Solomon Islanders to detect ecological change following the alteration of local, shallow-water, marine environments by a major tsunami. We compare the results of marine science surveys with local ecological knowledge of the benthos. We also examine multiple socioeconomic variables, and employ social network analysis to measure the influence of social and expert networks. Results show that villagers with salaried work who are at the intersection of local and global knowledge were the most adept at detecting tsunami-induced changes to benthic surfaces. Social networks had no statistically significant influence on villagers' abilities to detect change. We argue that these results counter common conceptualizations of indigenous knowledge that emphasize its normative, shared, inter-generationally transmitted characteristics rather than its heterogeneity, emergence, and practical application. Our findings have implications for theory about the foundations of indigenous knowledge research and the design of disaster mitigation efforts or resource management programs that incorporate indigenous ecological knowledge.
机译：发现生态变化是地方层面适应过程中至关重要的第一步，但很少有研究探索预测灾难性事件后知识获取的因素。本文从经验上评估了所罗门群岛居民检测到重大海啸导致局部浅水海洋环境发生变化后生态变化的能力的个体差异。我们将海洋科学研究的结果与底栖生物的当地生态知识进行比较。我们还研究了多个社会经济变量，并运用社交网络分析来衡量社交网络和专家网络的影响。结果表明，在当地和全球知识的交汇处有带薪工作的村民最善于发现海啸引起的底栖生物变化。社交网络对村民发现变化的能力没有统计学上的显着影响。我们认为，这些结果与土著知识的普遍概念相反，后者强调其规范性，共享性，世代相传的特征，而不是其异质性，出现和实际应用。我们的发现对有关土著知识研究的基础理论以及结合土著生态知识的减灾工作或资源管理计划的设计具有理论意义。

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