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首页> 外文期刊>Hydrology and Earth System Sciences >Assessment of spatial and temporal patterns of green and blue water flows under natural conditions in inland river basins in Northwest China
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Assessment of spatial and temporal patterns of green and blue water flows under natural conditions in inland river basins in Northwest China

机译：西北内陆河流域自然条件下绿水和蓝水流动的时空格局评价

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In arid and semi-arid regions freshwater resources have become scarcer with increasing demands from socio-economic development and population growth. Until recently, water research and management has mainly focused on blue water but ignored green water. Furthermore, in data poor regions hydrological flows under natural conditions are poorly characterised but are a prerequisite to inform future water resources management. Here we report on spatial and temporal patterns of both blue and green water flows that can be expected under natural conditions as simulated by the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) for the Heihe river basin, the second largest inland river basin in Northwest China. Calibration and validation at two hydrological stations show good performance of the SWAT model in modelling hydrological processes. The total green and blue water flows were 22.05-25.51 billion m ~3 in the 2000s for the Heihe river basin. Blue water flows are larger in upstream sub-basins than in downstream sub-basins mainly due to high precipitation and a large amount of snow and melting water in upstream. Green water flows are distributed more homogeneously among different sub-basins. The green water coefficient was 87%-89% in the 2000s for the entire river basin, varying from around 80%-90% in up- and midstream sub-basins to above 90% in downstream sub-basins. This is much higher than reported green water coefficients in many other river basins. The spatial patterns of green water coefficients were closely linked to dominant land covers (e.g. snow cover upstream and desert downstream) and climate conditions (e.g. high precipitation upstream and low precipitation downstream). There are no clear consistent historical trends of change in green and blue water flows and the green water coefficient at both the river basin and sub-basin levels. This study provides insights into green and blue water endowments under natural conditions for the entire Heihe river basin at the sub-basin level. The results are helpful to benchmark the natural flows of water in the basin as part of improved water resources management in the inland river basins of China.
机译：在干旱和半干旱地区，随着社会经济发展和人口增长的需求增加，淡水资源变得越来越稀缺。直到最近，水的研究和管理仍主要集中在蓝色水上，而忽略了绿色水。此外，在数据贫乏地区，自然条件下的水文流量特征不清，但这是通知未来水资源管理的先决条件。这里我们报告了在自然条件下可以预期的蓝色和绿色水流的时空格局，这是由中国西北第二大内陆河流域黑河流域的土壤和水评估工具（SWAT）模拟得出的。在两个水文站的校准和验证表明，SWAT模型在模拟水文过程中表现良好。黑河流域的绿色和蓝色水总量在2000年代为22 05-255.1亿m〜3。上游子流域的蓝色水流比下游子流域大，这主要是由于上游高降水量，大量积雪和融化水。绿水流量在不同子流域之间的分布更加均匀。整个流域的绿水系数在2000年代为87％-89％，范围从上游和中游子流域的80％-90％到下游子流域的90％以上。这远远高于其他许多流域报道的绿水系数。绿水系数的空间格局与主要的土地覆盖（例如上游的积雪和下游的沙漠）和气候条件（例如上游的高降水量和下游的低降水量）密切相关。在流域和子流域水平上，绿色和蓝色水流量以及绿色水系数的变化没有明显的一致历史趋势。本研究为整个黑河流域次流域水平的自然条件下的绿色和蓝色水end赋提供了见识。这些结果有助于对流域的自然水流进行基准测试，作为改进中国内陆河流域水资源管理的一部分。

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